The microbiome and rheumatoid arthritis
Jose U. Scher,Steven B. Abramson +1 more
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TLDR
This Review summarizes the historical clues that suggest a possible role for the microbiota in the pathogenesis of RA, and will focus on new technologies that might provide scientific evidence to support this hypothesis.Abstract:
Humans are not (and have never been) alone. From the moment we are born, millions of micro-organisms populate our bodies and coexist with us rather peacefully for the rest of our lives. This microbiome represents the totality of micro-organisms (and their genomes) that we necessarily acquire from the environment. Micro-organisms living in or on us have evolved to extract the energy they require to survive, and in exchange they support the physiological, metabolic and immune capacities that have contributed to our evolutionary success. Although currently categorized as an autoimmune disorder and regarded as a complex genetic disease, the ultimate cause of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains elusive. It seems that interplay between predisposing genetic factors and environmental triggers is required for disease manifestation. New insights from DNA sequence-based analyses of gut microbial communities and a renewed interest in mucosal immunology suggest that the microbiome represents an important environmental factor that can influence autoimmune disease manifestation. This Review summarizes the historical clues that suggest a possible role for the microbiota in the pathogenesis of RA, and will focus on new technologies that might provide scientific evidence to support this hypothesis.read more
Citations
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The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease
Ilseung Cho,Martin J. Blaser +1 more
TL;DR: The large-scale dynamics of the microbiome can be described by many of the tools and observations used in the study of population ecology, andiphering the metagenome and its aggregate genetic information can also be used to understand the functional properties of the microbial community.
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Expansion of intestinal Prevotella copri correlates with enhanced susceptibility to arthritis
Jose U. Scher,Andrew Sczesnak,Andrew Sczesnak,Randy S. Longman,Randy S. Longman,Nicola Segata,Nicola Segata,Carles Ubeda,Carles Ubeda,Craig M. Bielski,Tim Rostron,Vincenzo Cerundolo,Eric G. Pamer,Steven B. Abramson,Curtis Huttenhower,Dan R. Littman +15 more
TL;DR: The presence of Prevotella copri is identified as strongly correlated with disease in new-onset untreated rheumatoid arthritis (NORA) patients and uniquePrevotella genes that correlate with disease are identified.
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Stephan C. Bischoff,Giovanni Barbara,Wim A. Buurman,Theo Ockhuizen,Jörg-Dieter Schulzke,Matteo Serino,Herbert Tilg,Alastair J.M. Watson,Jerry M. Wells +8 more
TL;DR: Intestinal permeability, which is a feature of intestinal barrier function, is increasingly recognized as being of relevance for health and disease, and therefore, this topic warrants more attention.
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TL;DR: The mammalian alimentary tract harbors hundreds of species of commensal microorganisms that intimately interact with the host and provide it with genetic, metabolic, and immunological attributes.
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