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Tracing the cellular origin of cancer
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TLDR
This review explores how mouse genetic lineage-tracing experiments that allow the expression of oncogenes and/or the deletion of tumour suppressor genes in defined cell lineages have been instrumental in defining the cellular origin of different solid tumours in mouse models for various human cancers.Abstract:
Although many genes that lead to different types of cancer when mutated have been identified, the cells that initiate tumour formation following accumulation of these mutations have, until recently, remained elusive. This review explores how mouse genetic lineage-tracing experiments that allow the expression of oncogenes and/or the deletion of tumour suppressor genes in defined cell lineages have been instrumental in defining the cellular origin of different solid tumours in mouse models for various human cancers.read more
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Inactivation of TGFβ receptors in stem cells drives cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Patrizia Cammareri,Aidan M. Rose,David F. Vincent,Jun Wang,Ai Nagano,Silvana Libertini,Rachel A. Ridgway,Dimitris Athineos,Philip J. Coates,Angela McHugh,Celine Pourreyron,Jasbani H.S. Dayal,Jonas Larsson,Simone Weidlich,Lindsay C. Spender,Gopal P. Sapkota,Karin J. Purdie,Charlotte M. Proby,Catherine A. Harwood,Irene M. Leigh,Irene M. Leigh,Hans Clevers,Nick Barker,Stefan Karlsson,Catrin Pritchard,Richard Marais,Claude Chelala,Andrew P. South,Andrew P. South,Owen J. Sansom,Gareth J. Inman +30 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate that LGR5+ve stem cells may act as cells of origin for cSCC, and that RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway hyperactivation or Tp53 mutation, coupled with loss of TGFβ signalling, are driving events of skin tumorigenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A matter of life and death: stem cell survival in tissue regeneration and tumour formation
Despina Soteriou,Yaron Fuchs +1 more
TL;DR: How SCs are protected throughout their lifespan is discussed, focusing on quiescent behaviour, DNA damage response and programmed cell death.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melanin distribution in human epidermis affords localized protection against DNA photodamage and concurs with skin cancer incidence difference in extreme phototypes.
Damilola Fajuyigbe,Su M. Lwin,Brian Diffey,Richard Baker,Desmond J. Tobin,Robert Sarkany,Antony R. Young +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that a DNA protection factor of at least 60 is necessary in sunscreens to reduce white skin KC incidence to a level that is comparable with that of black skin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental History Provides a Roadmap for the Emergence of Tumor Plasticity
Purushothama Rao Tata,Ryan D. Chow,Srinivas Vinod Saladi,Aleksandra Tata,Arvind Konkimalla,Anne Bara,Daniel T. Montoro,Lida P. Hariri,Angela R. Shih,Mari Mino-Kenudson,Hongmei Mou,Shioko Kimura,Leif W. Ellisen,Jayaraj Rajagopal +13 more
TL;DR: Findings demonstrate that elements of pathologic tumor plasticity mirror the normal developmental history of organs in that cancer cells acquire cell fates associated with developmentally related neighboring organs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Symmetrical and asymmetrical division analysis provides evidence for a hierarchy of prostate epithelial cell lineages
Jia Wang,Helen He Zhu,Mingliang Chu,Yunying Liu,Chenxi Zhang,Geng Liu,Xiaohang Yang,Ru Yang,Wei-Qiang Gao +8 more
TL;DR: It is reported that in developing prostatic epithelia, basal and luminal cells exhibit distinct division modes, providing direct evidence for the existence of a hierarchy of epithelial cell lineages during prostate development, regeneration and tumorigenesis.
References
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TL;DR: Recognition of the widespread applicability of these concepts will increasingly affect the development of new means to treat human cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008.
TL;DR: The results for 20 world regions are presented, summarizing the global patterns for the eight most common cancers, and striking differences in the patterns of cancer from region to region are observed.
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Lessons from Hereditary Colorectal Cancer
TL;DR: The authors are grateful to the members of their laboratories for their contributions to the reviewed studies and to F. Giardiello and S. Hamilton for photographs of colorectal lesions.
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Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5
Nick Barker,Johan H. van Es,Jeroen Kuipers,Pekka Kujala,Maaike van den Born,Miranda Cozijnsen,Andrea Haegebarth,Jeroen Korving,Harry Begthel,Peter J. Peters,Hans Clevers +10 more
TL;DR: The expression pattern of Lgr5 suggests that it marks stem cells in multiple adult tissues and cancers, suggesting that it represents the stem cell of the small intestine and colon.