Trends in glyphosate herbicide use in the United States and globally
TLDR
Glyphosate will likely remain the most widely applied pesticide worldwide for years to come, and interest will grow in quantifying ecological and human health impacts, according to published global pesticide use data.Abstract:
Accurate pesticide use data are essential when studying the environmental and public health impacts of pesticide use. Since the mid-1990s, significant changes have occurred in when and how glyphosate herbicides are applied, and there has been a dramatic increase in the total volume applied. Data on glyphosate applications were collected from multiple sources and integrated into a dataset spanning agricultural, non-agricultural, and total glyphosate use from 1974–2014 in the United States, and from 1994–2014 globally. Since 1974 in the U.S., over 1.6 billion kilograms of glyphosate active ingredient have been applied, or 19 % of estimated global use of glyphosate (8.6 billion kilograms). Globally, glyphosate use has risen almost 15-fold since so-called “Roundup Ready,” genetically engineered glyphosate-tolerant crops were introduced in 1996. Two-thirds of the total volume of glyphosate applied in the U.S. from 1974 to 2014 has been sprayed in just the last 10 years. The corresponding share globally is 72 %. In 2014, farmers sprayed enough glyphosate to apply ~1.0 kg/ha (0.8 pound/acre) on every hectare of U.S.-cultivated cropland and nearly 0.53 kg/ha (0.47 pounds/acre) on all cropland worldwide. Genetically engineered herbicide-tolerant crops now account for about 56 % of global glyphosate use. In the U.S., no pesticide has come remotely close to such intensive and widespread use. This is likely the case globally, but published global pesticide use data are sparse. Glyphosate will likely remain the most widely applied pesticide worldwide for years to come, and interest will grow in quantifying ecological and human health impacts. Accurate, accessible time-series data on glyphosate use will accelerate research progress.read more
Citations
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Environmental behavior and influencing factors of glyphosate in peach orchard ecosystem
Qiao Chengkui,Caixia Wang,Pang Rongli,Fajun Tian,Lijun Han,Guo Linlin,Jing Luo,Jun Li,Pang Tao,Xie Hanzhong,Jinbao Fang +10 more
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Glyphosate applied at a hormetic dose improves ripening without impairing sugarcane productivity and ratoon sprouting.
Marcelo de Almeida Silva,Joviles Vitorio Trevisol,José Gerardo Espinoza Véliz,Maria Márcia Pereira Sartori,Hariane Luiz Santos +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a field experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 using a randomized block design with eight replicates in a split-plot scheme, with the following treatments: (1) control with only water application, (2) glyphosate at a low dose of 1.8 g a.e.
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Isolation of culturable mycota from Argentinean soils exposed or not-exposed to pesticides and determination of glyphosate tolerance of fungal species in media supplied with the herbicide.
Melisa Egle Aluffi,Cecilia Soledad Carranza,Nicolás Benito,Karen Magnoli,Carina Elizabeth Magnoli,Carla Lorena Barberis +5 more
TL;DR: This study isolates the GP-tolerant culturable mycota in two soils with different pesticide exposure from Córdoba, Argentina and evaluates the growth parameters in native fungal isolates in the presence of GP and the effective dose that caused 50% growth reduction.
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Glyphosate in yam from Ghana
TL;DR: It is concluded that the yam contained glyphosate residues at very low levels which may not pose threat to human health.
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A Glyphosate-Based Formulation but Not Glyphosate Alone Alters Human Placental Integrity
Christelle Simasotchi,Audrey Chissey,Gerald Jungers,Thierry Fournier,Gilles-Eric Séralini,Sophie Gil +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the effect of G and a GT+ formulation named R, using placental perfusion ex vivo, and found that the transfer of G alone increases with time, but is significantly decreased in presence of its formulants.
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TL;DR: GBHs are the most heavily applied herbicide in the world and usage continues to rise; Worldwide, GBHs often contaminate drinking water sources, precipitation, and air, especially in agricultural regions and regulatory estimates of tolerable daily intakes for glyphosate in the United States and European Union are based on outdated science.