Trends in glyphosate herbicide use in the United States and globally
TLDR
Glyphosate will likely remain the most widely applied pesticide worldwide for years to come, and interest will grow in quantifying ecological and human health impacts, according to published global pesticide use data.Abstract:
Accurate pesticide use data are essential when studying the environmental and public health impacts of pesticide use. Since the mid-1990s, significant changes have occurred in when and how glyphosate herbicides are applied, and there has been a dramatic increase in the total volume applied. Data on glyphosate applications were collected from multiple sources and integrated into a dataset spanning agricultural, non-agricultural, and total glyphosate use from 1974–2014 in the United States, and from 1994–2014 globally. Since 1974 in the U.S., over 1.6 billion kilograms of glyphosate active ingredient have been applied, or 19 % of estimated global use of glyphosate (8.6 billion kilograms). Globally, glyphosate use has risen almost 15-fold since so-called “Roundup Ready,” genetically engineered glyphosate-tolerant crops were introduced in 1996. Two-thirds of the total volume of glyphosate applied in the U.S. from 1974 to 2014 has been sprayed in just the last 10 years. The corresponding share globally is 72 %. In 2014, farmers sprayed enough glyphosate to apply ~1.0 kg/ha (0.8 pound/acre) on every hectare of U.S.-cultivated cropland and nearly 0.53 kg/ha (0.47 pounds/acre) on all cropland worldwide. Genetically engineered herbicide-tolerant crops now account for about 56 % of global glyphosate use. In the U.S., no pesticide has come remotely close to such intensive and widespread use. This is likely the case globally, but published global pesticide use data are sparse. Glyphosate will likely remain the most widely applied pesticide worldwide for years to come, and interest will grow in quantifying ecological and human health impacts. Accurate, accessible time-series data on glyphosate use will accelerate research progress.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pesticides, environment, and food safety
TL;DR: Current and future increase in food production must go along with production of food with better quality and with less toxic contaminants, which requires more cautious use of agrochemical through prior testing, careful risk assessment, and licensing.
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Worldwide pesticide usage and its impacts on ecosystem
Anket Sharma,Vinod Kumar,Babar Shahzad,Mohsin Tanveer,Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu,Neha Handa,Neha Handa,Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli,Poonam Yadav,Aditi Shreeya Bali,Ripu Daman Parihar,Owias Iqbal Dar,Kirpal Singh,Shivam Jasrotia,Palak Bakshi,M. Ramakrishnan,Sandeep Kumar,Renu Bhardwaj,Ashwani Kumar Thukral +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt has been made to critically review the global usage of different pesticides and their major adverse impacts on ecosystem, which will provide guidance for a wide range of researchers in this area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Concerns over use of glyphosate-based herbicides and risks associated with exposures: a consensus statement
John Peterson Myers,Michael Antoniou,Bruce Blumberg,Lynn Carroll,Theo Colborn,Lorne G. Everett,Michael Hansen,Philip J. Landrigan,Bruce P. Lanphear,Robin Mesnage,Laura N. Vandenberg,Frederick S. vom Saal,Wade V. Welshons,Charles Benbrook +13 more
TL;DR: GBHs are the most heavily applied herbicide in the world and usage continues to rise; Worldwide, GBHs often contaminate drinking water sources, precipitation, and air, especially in agricultural regions and regulatory estimates of tolerable daily intakes for glyphosate in the United States and European Union are based on outdated science.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental and health effects of the herbicide glyphosate.
A.H.C. van Bruggen,Miaomiao He,Keumchul Shin,Volker Mai,KwangCheol Casey Jeong,Maria R. Finckh,J.G. Morris +6 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the selection pressure for glyphosate-resistance in bacteria could lead to shifts in microbiome composition and increases in antibiotic resistance to clinically important antimicrobial agents, which would have an impact on plant, animal and human health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in Agricultural topsoils of the European Union
Vera M. F. da Silva,Luca Montanarella,Arwyn Jones,Oihane Fernández-Ugalde,Hans G.J. Mol,Coen J. Ritsema,Violette Geissen +6 more
TL;DR: The estimated exports clearly indicate that particulate transport can contribute to human and environmental exposure to herbicide residues and Residue threshold values in soils are urgently needed to define potential risks for soil health and off site effects related to export by wind and water erosion.
References
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Concerns over use of glyphosate-based herbicides and risks associated with exposures: a consensus statement
John Peterson Myers,Michael Antoniou,Bruce Blumberg,Lynn Carroll,Theo Colborn,Lorne G. Everett,Michael Hansen,Philip J. Landrigan,Bruce P. Lanphear,Robin Mesnage,Laura N. Vandenberg,Frederick S. vom Saal,Wade V. Welshons,Charles Benbrook +13 more
TL;DR: GBHs are the most heavily applied herbicide in the world and usage continues to rise; Worldwide, GBHs often contaminate drinking water sources, precipitation, and air, especially in agricultural regions and regulatory estimates of tolerable daily intakes for glyphosate in the United States and European Union are based on outdated science.