Annamalai University

About: Annamalai University is a education organization based out in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Lipid peroxidation & Antioxidant. The organization has 8098 authors who have published 10758 publications receiving 203872 citations.

Biosurfactant production by Corynebacterium kutscheri from waste motor lubricant oil and peanut oil cake.

Abstract: Aim: Production and characterization of biosurfactant from renewable sources. Methods and Results: Biosurfactant production was carried out in 3-l fermentor using waste motor lubricant oil and peanut oil cake. Maximum biomass (9·8 mg ml–l) and biosurfactant production (6·4 mg ml–l) occurred with peanut oil cake at 120 and 132 h, respectively. Chemical characterization of the biosurfactant revealed that it is a glycolipopeptide with chemical composition of carbohydrate (40%), lipid (27%) and protein (29%). The biosurfactant is able to emulsify waste motor lubricant oil, crude oil, peanut oil, kerosene, diesel, xylene, naphthalene and anthracene; the emulsification activity was comparatively higher than the activity found with Triton X-100. Conclusion: This study indicates the possibility of biosurfactant production using renewable, relatively inexpensive and easily available resources like waste motor lubricant oil and peanut oil cake. Emulsification activity found with the biosurfactant against different hydrocarbons showed the possibility of the application of biosurfactants against diverse hydrocarbon pollution. Significance and Impact of the Study: The data obtained from the study could be useful for large-scale biosurfactant production using economically cheaper substrates. Information obtained in emulsification activity and laboratory-scale experiment on bioremediation inferred that bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted sites may be treated with biosurfactants or the bacteria that produces it.

Protection of pancreatic beta-cell by the potential antioxidant bis-o-hydroxycinnamoyl methane, analogue of natural curcuminoid in experimental diabetes.

Abstract: PURPOSE. To evaluate the antioxidant defense by bis-o-hydroxycinnamoylmethane, analogue of the naturally occurring curcuminoid bis-demethox- ycurcumin in streptozotocin induced diabetes in male Wistar rats and its possible protection of pancreatic β- cell against gradual loss under diabetic condition. METHODS. Male wistar rats were divided into five groups. Group1 served as control rats. Group2 was control rats treated intragastrically with bis-o-hydroxy- cinnamoyl methane at a dose of 15mg/kg body weight for 45 days. Group3, 4 and 5 rats were injected with 40mg /kg body weight of streptozotocin to induce dia- betes. Group4 rats were treated with the drug similar to group2 and group5 rats treated with the reference drug glibenclamide intragastrically for a similar period. After 45 days, the levels of plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, enzymic antioxidants (SOD, CAT) and non-enzymic antioxidants Vit C, Vit E was deter- mined. Histopathological sections of the pancreas were examined. RESULTS. The levels of plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin which were elevated in group3 diabetic rats were reduced after treatment with the drug. The antioxidant levels showed an increase in the case of treated diabetic rats as compared to group3 dia- betic rats. The islets were shrunken in group3 diabetic rats in comparison to normal rats. In the treated dia- betic rats there was expansion of islets. CONCLU- SIONS. The experimental drug bis-o- hydroxycinnamoylmethane enhances the antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species produced under hyperglycemic conditions and thus protects the pan- creatic β-cell against loss and exhibits antidiabetic prop- erty.