Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Politics. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

The Ricardian Dynamics Revisited

Abstract: The Ricardian dynamics describe the substitution of a new marginal method for an outgoing marginal method when demand increases. The process of extension or intensi cation of cultivation allows for spasmodic changes in prices and rents but is smooth on the physical side. We criticize the notion of extension of cultivation and show the existence of non-Ricardian equilibria, when some good is not produced by a marginal method. The working of the dynamics requires that the incoming method satisfies a productivity condition which is expressed in algebraic terms. A parallel is drawn between Ricardo's views on dynamics and the working of a Lemke algorithm for linear complementarity problems.

Analysing Cultural Events on Twitter

Abstract: In this paper, we first present a model to represent message flows and their contents on Twitter, then a model and an instrumented methodology to describe and analyze these flows and their distribution among the various stakeholders. The aim is to explore the engagement and interactions between different types of stakeholders. We apply our methodology and tools to the 12th edition of the cultural event “European Night of Museums” (NDM16).

Smoking or trading ? On cigarette money in post WW2 Germany

Abstract: Just after world war II, the German money at that time - the Reichsmark - was refused in about 50% of the transactions of consumer goods and had been replaced by barter or commodity moneys such as cigarette. Surprisingly, this episode which is often mentioned (e.g. Friedman 1951, Klein, 1976) has never been studied extensively. Using german and US historical records, this paper built 1/ the history of this cigarette money episode and 2/ a model explaining the use of this commodity money. As we indicate, the appropriate framework for this case is the search-theoretic approach to monetary economics. Our model — with heterogeneous population, mainly smokers and nonsmokers — indicates that the use of cigarette as money depends 1/ on the relative utility of smoking relative to the consumption of other goods and 2/ on the importance of the prior demand for this good, i.e. the proportion of smokers in the population.

The distortionary effect of health insurance on healthcare demand

Abstract: This paper presents a general framework for modeling the impact of insurance on healthcare demand extending some of the results of the two-risk model of Rothschild and Stiglitz (1976), but including the latter as a special case. Rothschild and Stiglitz’s approach assumes equivalence between the price of treatment and the discomfort caused by the disease. Relaxing this assumption turns out to be key in understanding participation in the insurance and healthcare markets. The demands for insurance and healthcare are modeled simultaneously, under symmetric and asymmetric information. Four main results arise from the relaxation of this assumption. First, only the presence of an insurance market can produce healthcare consumption at higher prices than the discomfort. Second, adverse selection may lead healthcare to be sold at a price lower than that under perfect information. Third, the potential non-participation of one type risk arises despite competition, depending on the degree of information. Last, in a public voluntary regime, one type risk may prefer to be uninsured and still consume healthcare.