Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Politics. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

Distinct Contributions of Nonpredictive and Predictive Peripheral Cues to Visual Conscious Perception: an MEG study

Abstract: Do we need attention to become aware of aDo we need attention to become aware of an external event? We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) in human participants to assess the effects of nonpredictive and predictive supra-threshold peripheral visual cues on the conscious perception of near-threshold Gabor patches. Both nonpredictive and predictive valid cues increased the number of detected targets, and shifted the response criterion towards a more liberal decision. Predictive cues unexpectedly induced a greater sensitivity (dprime) for invalid trials than for valid trials. With nonpredictive cues, seen targets were associated with right-lateralized frontoparietal feed-forward and feedback sweeps. For seen targets there was increased connectivity among visual regions, and between these areas and the inferior parietal lobes and the anterior insular cortices (AIC), bilaterally. Valid predictive cues interacted with conscious target detection, with greater activation of areas mostly located in the left hemisphere, especially in the frontoparietal network and temporoparietal junction, and induced an increased connectivity between the right AIC and areas of the visual ventral stream in the seen condition only. Thus, neural activity induced by nonpredictive and predictive spatial cues can enhance conscious visual perception through distinct mechanisms, mostly relying on frontoparietal activity in the right or left hemisphere, respectively. Connectivity involving the AIC participates in shaping the interaction between attention and conscious visual perception.

Les effets locaux de la marchandisation du spectacle sportif. L'exemple de l'escalade libre en France

Abstract: ResumeA travers l’exemple des communautes locales d’escaladeurs et de la mediatisation de l’escalade libre en France, cette publication presente un aspect peu etudie de la marchandisation du sport. Nous cherchons a montrer ce que l’economie symbolique des microcosmes sportifs locaux doit a la structuration d’un marche national des biens, des services mais aussi des images et des discours sportifs. Nous observons ainsi la rencontre conflictuelle entre, d’une part, l’economie symbolique locale decoulant de l’usage et l’exploitation des espaces de grimpe et, d’autre part, une economie monetaire et mediatique dont les protagonistes sont les journalistes specialises, les fabricants de materiels annonceurs des magazines et les grimpeurs sponsorises. Les differentes communautes locales de grimpeurs constituent autant de « fortins communautaires » susceptibles de former un reseau de defense contre les protagonistes de ce jeu mediatique venant troubler la quietude apparente du pied de la falaise.

To be a Mother, or not to be? Career and Wage Ladder in Italy and the UK

Abstract: This paper examines the extent to which motherhood affects women's career accomplishments and wages in Italy and the UK. Using the EU-SILC 2009 data, a decomposition of the motherhood wage gap is implemented after accounting for double selection in labor market participation and motherhood. We find evidence of a negative correlation between labor market and fertility decisions. The results show that motherhood has no adverse effects on women's career path in Italy, and that job segregation explains most of the motherhood wage gap in the UK. Empirical findings suggest that the timing of motherhood and job continuity affect significantly the female wage profile.

Border crossing: Grayson Perry’s queerly utopian English journey

Abstract: In 2012, British contemporary artist Grayson Perry undertook a journey from Sunderland in northern England to the Cotswolds in the south. His stated aim was to explore the relationship between class and taste in twenty-first-century Britain. This journey was screened on the United Kingdom’s Channel 4 as a three-part documentary entitled All in the Best Possible Taste. Throughout his journey, Perry uses his observations and interactions with those he meets to produce a series of six large tapestries, The Vanity of Small Differences (2012). These tapestries, inspired by Hogarth’s series of paintings entitled A Rake’s Progress (1733), trace the meteoric rise, and tragic fall, of a fictional character Tim Rakewell, whose ascension through the social ranks ends in a rather violent death (this narrative echoes that of Hogarth’s equally fictional Tom Rakewell). In my article, I analyse Perry’s documentary, and in particular the artwork, which he produces as a part of that documentary, using concepts borrowed from Pierre Bourdieu, Judith Butler, Michel Maffesoli and Louis Marin, among others. I argue that Perry’s purported exploration of the relationship between British (or rather English) class and taste is in fact primarily concerned with two other things: first, Perry’s own status as a contemporary artist – a desire to portray himself as a ‘latter-day Hogarth’, if you will; and second, contemporary art’s capacity to be both relevant to society and popular among members of that society. Ultimately then, via his performative exploration of subjectivity in this documentary and indeed elsewhere in his work, Perry ‘queers’ not just masculinity, but also, and perhaps more importantly, received notions of national, social and artistic identity.

The Governance of Contracts: Empirical Evidence on Technology Licensing Agreements

Abstract: This paper provides new evidence on the contractual governance of technology licensing agreements. Based upon an international sample of licensing contracts, we explore how the contractual design deals with specific contractual hazards. In particular, we comparatively assess the influences of transaction attributes, institutional frameworks and strategic considerations on licensing design. Empirical results highlight that contractual clauses of governance are crafted independently of each other. This leads to a discussion about complementarities among contractual components, which is frequently assumed in theory. Furthermore, our results are certainly amongst the first to provide econometric evidence on the pervasive influence of private institutions in technology trade.