Paris West University Nanterre La Défense

About: Paris West University Nanterre La Défense is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Politics. The organization has 895 authors who have published 1430 publications receiving 21712 citations.

Wavelets and Approximation

Abstract: In this chapter we study the approximation properties of wavelet expansions on the Sobolev spaces. We specify how fast does the wavelet expansion converge to the true function f , if f belongs to some Sobolev space. This study is continued in Chapter 9 where we consider the approximation on the Besov spaces and show that it has an intrinsic relation to wavelet expansions. The presentation in this chapter and in Chapter 9 is more formal than in the previous ones. It is designed for the mathematically oriented reader who is interested in a deeper theoretical insight into the properties of wavelet bases.

The Emergence and Uncertain Outcomes of Prostitutes' Social Movements:

Abstract: This article is a comparative study of five prostitutes' social movements. The emergence of these movements is one of the major developments in the politics of prostitution: for the first time, prostitutes are politically organizing and expressing their claims and grievances in the public debate about prostitution — a debate from which they are usually excluded. But, as is the case for most stigmatized populations, this pretension to enter into the public debate is faced with many difficulties. Some of these are inherent to the world of prostitution, which is an informal, competitive and violent world, in which leaders face constant challenges to establish and maintain their authority and legitimacy. The article also emphasizes the crucial, but ambiguous, role played by alliances between prostitutes and people from other parts of society (especially feminists). Prostitutes' dependence on these supporters leads the author to consider their social movements to be heteronomous mobilizations.

Impacts of irrigation and anthropogenic aerosols on the water balance, heat fluxes, and surface temperature in a river basin

Abstract: [1] Changes in both land cover and the atmosphere have impacted the heat fluxes of south Asia in ways that may have altered the timing and magnitude of the monsoon Century-long budgets of water and energy in the Krishna Basin (258,948 km2) in southern India demonstrate that irrigation impacted the sensible heat flux of the land surface (H) as much as or more than did the atmospheric brown cloud (ABC) over 1960–2005 Annual discharge of the Krishna River fell from 226 mm during pre-irrigation land cover (1901–1960) to 64 mm by 1990–2005, when 14–20% of the basin area was irrigated Over the same period, annual evaporation increased by 166 ± 32 mm (+28%) causing H to decrease by 127 ± 2 W m−2 (−18%) compared to a decrease of 112 ± 18 W m−2 caused by the atmospheric brown cloud (ABC) The rate of change in H during irrigation expansion (1960–1990) was between −34 and −50 W m−2 per decade (da−1) due to irrigation expansion and −18 to −23 W m−2 da−1 due to the ABC The trend in H caused by irrigation was negligible over 1990–2005 as irrigated area and evaporation stabilized Previous work using the Parallel Climate Model estimated that the ABC decreased the latent heat flux by 24 W m−2; this decrease was more than offset by irrigation, resulting in a net increase in the latent heat flux of 129 W m−2 The maximum surface air temperature (Tmax) either decreased or remained the same in areas experiencing irrigation expansion but increased in a majority of unirrigated areas during the post-monsoon season The results provide observational evidence that irrigation changed both the basin-scale sensible heat flux and surface air temperatures

Coding Huygens' metasurface for enhanced quality holographic imaging.

Abstract: In this paper, coding Huygens’ metasurface (CHM) is proposed for holographic imaging with enhanced quality. A weighted holographic algorithm is used to calculate the phase distribution at the interface and to design the CHM. Experimental demonstration performed in the microwave region validates holographic imaging with the ability to modulate energy distribution among focal points and improve image quality. By judiciously engineering both electric and magnetic dipolar resonators, the proposed digital Huygens’ meta-atom is able to provide a full transmission–phase covering the whole range of 2π together with a near-unity transmission efficiency. The proof-of-concept experiments show that holographic imaging quality can be indeed improved by using digital meta-atoms with several bits. Furthermore, the modulation of intensity distribution among focal points is experimentally realized by using the 3-bits CHM. The proposed CHM hologram shows great potential in a variety of application fields, such as programmable high-resolution imaging lenses, microscopy, data storage, information processing, and computer-generated holograms.