University of South Australia

About: University of South Australia is a education organization based out in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 10086 authors who have published 32587 publications receiving 913683 citations. The organization is also known as: The University of South Australia & UniSA.

Transient tissue priming via ROCK inhibition uncouples pancreatic cancer progression, sensitivity to chemotherapy, and metastasis

Abstract: The emerging standard of care for patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer is a combination of cytotoxic drugs gemcitabine and Abraxane, but patient response remains moderate. Pancreatic cancer development and metastasis occur in complex settings, with reciprocal feedback from microenvironmental cues influencing both disease progression and drug response. Little is known about how sequential dual targeting of tumor tissue tension and vasculature before chemotherapy can affect tumor response. We used intravital imaging to assess how transient manipulation of the tumor tissue, or “priming,” using the pharmaceutical Rho kinase inhibitor Fasudil affects response to chemotherapy. Intravital Forster resonance energy transfer imaging of a cyclin-dependent kinase 1 biosensor to monitor the efficacy of cytotoxic drugs revealed that priming improves pancreatic cancer response to gemcitabine/Abraxane at both primary and secondary sites. Transient priming also sensitized cells to shear stress and impaired colonization efficiency and fibrotic niche remodeling within the liver, three important features of cancer spread. Last, we demonstrate a graded response to priming in stratified patient-derived tumors, indicating that fine-tuned tissue manipulation before chemotherapy may offer opportunities in both primary and metastatic targeting of pancreatic cancer.

Review of Cyber-Physical System in Healthcare

Abstract: Cyber-physical system (CPS) is an integration of physical processes with computation and communication. It has the ability to add more intelligence to social life. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) can be a vital part of CPS as strong sensing capability is one of the major driving factors for CPS applications. CPS is still considered to be a nascent technology, and there are many challenges yet to be addressed. A few CPS applications in healthcare have been proposed to date, and they lack the flexibility of technology integration, such as integration of computing resources with sensor networks. This paper presents a survey of CPS in healthcare applications that have been proposed to date by academia as well as industry. A comprehensive taxonomy is also provided that characterizes and classifies different components and methods that are required for the application of CPS in healthcare. The taxonomy not only highlights the similarities and differences of the state-of-the-art technologies utilized in CPS for healthcare from the perspective of WSN and Cloud Computing but also identifies the areas that require further research. It is expected that this taxonomy and its mapping to relevant systems will be highly useful for further development of CPS for healthcare.

Self-ordered nanopore and nanotube platforms for drug delivery applications.

Abstract: The application of nanotechnology to medicine termed as ‘nanomedicine’ is recognised as an emerging field with enormous potential for developing new therapeutic concepts. A range of nanoscale materials have been explored in the last few years for drug delivery to address the problems associated with conventional drug therapies such as limited drug solubility, poor biodistribution, lack of selectivity and unfavourable pharmacokinetics. Among them, nanoporous materials with ordered and controlled pore structures, high surface area and pore volume, attracted great attention, particularly for implantable drug delivery systems. This review presents the recent progress in this field focused on electrochemically engineered nanopores/nanotube materials such as nanoporous alumina and nanotubular titania. The basic concept of fabrication of these unique materials using a self-ordering process, description of their structural properties, biocompatibility and recent applications for therapeutic implants is presented.

Indoor MIMO Visible Light Communications: Novel Angle Diversity Receivers for Mobile Users

Abstract: This paper proposes two novel and practical designs of angle diversity receivers to achieve multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) capacity for indoor visible light communications (VLC). Both designs are easy to construct and suitable for small mobile devices. By using light emitting diodes for both illumination and data transmission, our receiver designs consist of multiple photodetectors (PDs), which are oriented with different inclination angles to achieve high-rank MIMO channels and can be closely packed without the requirement of spatial separation. Due to the orientations of the PDs, the proposed receiver designs are named pyramid receiver (PR) and hemispheric receiver (HR). In a PR, the normal vectors of PDs are chosen the same as the normal vectors of the triangle faces of a pyramid with equilateral $N$ -gon base. On the other hand, the idea behind HR is to evenly distribute the PDs on a hemisphere. Through analytical investigation, simulations and experiments, the channel capacity and bit-error-rate (BER) performance under various settings are presented to show that our receiver designs are practical and promising for enabling VLC-MIMO. In comparison to induced link-blocked receiver, our designs do not require any hardware adjustment at the receiver from location to location so that they can support user mobility. Besides, their channel capacities and BER performance are quite close to that of link-blocked receiver. Meanwhile, they substantially outperform spatially-separated receiver. This study reveals that using angle diversity to build VLC-MIMO system is very promising.