COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Africa Different?
Ebun L. Bamgboye,Jesutofunmi A. Omiye,Oluwasegun Afolaranmi,Mogamat Razeen Davids,Elliot Koranteng Tannor,Shoyab Wadee,Abdou Niang,Anthony J.O. Were,Saraladevi Naicker +8 more
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TLDR
Information presented in this review will help policymakers in the fight to contain the pandemic, particularly within Africa with its resource-constrained health care systems.Abstract:
COVID-19 has now spread to all the continents of the world with the possible exception of Antarctica. However, Africa appears different when compared with all the other continents. The absence of exponential growth and the low mortality rates contrary to that experienced in other continents, and contrary to the projections for Africa by various agencies, including the World Health Organization (WHO) has been a puzzle to many. Although Africa is the second most populous continent with an estimated 17.2% of the world's population, the continent accounts for only 5% of the total cases and 3% of the mortality. Mortality for the whole of Africa remains at a reported 19,726 as at August 01, 2020. The onset of the pandemic was later, the rate of rise has been slower and the severity of illness and case fatality rates have been lower in comparison to other continents. In addition, contrary to what had been documented in other continents, the occurrence of the renal complications in these patients also appeared to be much lower. This report documents the striking differences between the continents and within the continent of Africa itself and then attempts to explain the reasons for these differences. It is hoped that information presented in this review will help policymakers in the fight to contain the pandemic, particularly within Africa with its resource-constrained health care systems.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Covid-19 deaths in Africa: prospective systematic postmortem surveillance study.
Lawrence Mwananyanda,Christopher J. Gill,William B. MacLeod,Geoffrey Kwenda,Rachel Pieciak,Zachariah Mupila,Rotem Lapidot,Francis Mupeta,Leah S Forman,Luunga Ziko,Lauren Etter,Donald M. Thea +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a systematic postmortem surveillance study to directly measure the fatal impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in an urban African population.
Journal ArticleDOI
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A syndemic perspective
Inês Fronteira,Mohsin Sidat,João Paulo Magalhães,Fernando Passos Cupertino de Barros,António Pedro Delgado,Tiago Correia,Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro,Paulo Ferrinho +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the SARS-CoV-2 is a one health issue of a syndemic nature and that the failure to acknowledge this contributes to weakened policy-making processes and public health responses and ineffective health policies and programs.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 preparedness: capacity to manufacture vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics in sub-Saharan Africa.
Bisi Bright,Chinedum P. Babalola,Nadia A. Sam-Agudu,A A Onyeaghala,A A Onyeaghala,Adebola Olatunji,Ufuoma Aduh,Patrick O. Sobande,Trevor A Crowell,Trevor A Crowell,Yenew Kebede Tebeje,Sunny Phillip,Nicaise Ndembi,Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan +13 more
TL;DR: The authors in this paper reviewed the products that are being investigated for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19; discuss the challenges that countries in sub-Saharan Africa may face with access to COVID19 vaccine, therapeutics, and diagnostics due to the limited capacity to manufacture them in Africa; and make recommendations on actions to mitigate these challenges and ensure health security in subSaharan Africa during this unprecedented pandemic and future public-health crises.
Posted ContentDOI
Sustained high prevalence of COVID-19 deaths from a systematic post-mortem study in Lusaka, Zambia: one year later
C. Gill,Lawrence Mwananyanda,William B. MacLeod,Geoffrey Kwenda,Rachel Pieciak,Lewis E. Etter,D. O. Bridges,C. Chikot,Susan Chirwa,Charles Chimoga,L. Forman,Ben Katowa,Rotem Lapidot,James Lungu,Japhet Matoba,G. Mwinga,Benjamin Mubemba,Zachariah Mupila,Walter Muleya,B. Ngoma,Ruth Nakazwe,D. Nzara,Natalie Pawlak,L. Pemba,Edgar Simulundu,B. Yankonde,D. Thea +26 more
TL;DR: CO VID-19+ deaths occurred in all age groups and was the leading cause of death during peak transmission periods and contradict assertions that Africa was spared from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological Properties of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Epidemiological Impact and Clinical Consequences
Reem Hoteit,Hadi M. Yassine +1 more
TL;DR: Key information is examined and provided on SARS-CoV-2 VOCs, including their transmissibility, infectivity rate, disease severity, affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, viral load, reproduction number, vaccination effectiveness, and vaccine breakthrough.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.
Journal ArticleDOI
BCG vaccine protection from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
TL;DR: Results fail to confirm the null hypothesis of no association between BCG vaccination and COVID-19 mortality, and suggest that BCG could have a protective effect, but public health implications of a plausible BCG cross-protection from severe COVID -19 are discussed.