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Human Astrocyte Maturation Captured in 3D Cerebral Cortical Spheroids Derived from Pluripotent Stem Cells

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TLDR
It is found that hCS-derived glia closely resemble primary human fetal astrocytes and that, over time in vitro, they transition from a predominantly fetal to an increasingly matureAstrocyte state.
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This article is published in Neuron.The article was published on 2017-08-16 and is currently open access. It has received 385 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Astrocyte & Induced pluripotent stem cell.

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Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions

Carole Escartin, +88 more
- 15 Feb 2021 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors point out the shortcomings of binary divisions of reactive astrocytes into good-vs-bad, neurotoxic vs-neuroprotective or A1-vs.A2.
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Cell Biology of Astrocyte-Synapse Interactions

TL;DR: This review summarizes some of the seminal findings that yield important insight into the cellular and molecular basis of astrocyte-neuron communication and poses some pressing questions that need to be addressed to advance mechanistic understanding of the role ofAstrocytes in regulating synaptic development.
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Organoid single-cell genomic atlas uncovers human-specific features of brain development

TL;DR: The data provide a temporal cell atlas of great ape forebrain development, and illuminate dynamic gene-regulatory features that are unique to humans, using single-cell transcriptomics and accessible chromatin profiling in stem cell-derived cerebral organoids to investigate gene-Regulatory changes that are specific to humans.
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Induced pluripotent stem cells in disease modelling and drug discovery.

TL;DR: This Review summarizes the progress in iPSC-based disease modelling over the past decade, with a focus on 3D organoid systems and chimeric models being exploited for new therapeutic approaches.
References
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Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2

TL;DR: Bowtie 2 combines the strengths of the full-text minute index with the flexibility and speed of hardware-accelerated dynamic programming algorithms to achieve a combination of high speed, sensitivity and accuracy.
Journal Article

Visualizing Data using t-SNE

TL;DR: A new technique called t-SNE that visualizes high-dimensional data by giving each datapoint a location in a two or three-dimensional map, a variation of Stochastic Neighbor Embedding that is much easier to optimize, and produces significantly better visualizations by reducing the tendency to crowd points together in the center of the map.
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Transcript assembly and quantification by RNA-Seq reveals unannotated transcripts and isoform switching during cell differentiation

TL;DR: The results suggest that Cufflinks can illuminate the substantial regulatory flexibility and complexity in even this well-studied model of muscle development and that it can improve transcriptome-based genome annotation.
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TopHat2: accurate alignment of transcriptomes in the presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions

TL;DR: TopHat2 is described, which incorporates many significant enhancements to TopHat, and combines the ability to identify novel splice sites with direct mapping to known transcripts, producing sensitive and accurate alignments, even for highly repetitive genomes or in the presence of pseudogenes.
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The dynamics and regulators of cell fate decisions are revealed by pseudotemporal ordering of single cells

TL;DR: Monocle is described, an unsupervised algorithm that increases the temporal resolution of transcriptome dynamics using single-cell RNA-Seq data collected at multiple time points that revealed switch-like changes in expression of key regulatory factors, sequential waves of gene regulation, and expression of regulators that were not known to act in differentiation.
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