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Joint analysis of individual participants’ data from 17 studies on the association of the IL6 variant -174G>C with circulating glucose levels, interleukin-6 levels, and body mass index

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TLDR
The data suggest that C-allele carriers of the IL6 -174G>C polymorphism have lower fasting glucose levels on average, which substantiates previous findings of decreased T2DM risk of these subjects.
Abstract
Background. Several studies have investigated associations between the -174GC single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene and phenotypes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but presented inconsistent results. Aims. This joint analysis aimed to clarify whether IL6 -174GC was associated with glucose and circulating interleukin-6 concentrations as well as body mass index (BMI). Methods. Individual-level data from all studies of the IL6-T2DM consortium on Caucasian subjects with available BMI were collected. As study-specific estimates did not show heterogeneity (P0.1), they were combined by using the inverse-variance fixed-effect model. Results. The main analysis included 9440, 7398, 24,117, or 5659 non-diabetic and manifest T2DM subjects for fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, BMI, or circulating interleukin-6 levels, respectively. IL6 -174 C-allele carriers had significantly lower fasting glucose (-0.091 mmol/L, P=0.014). There was no evidence for association between IL6 -174GC and BMI or interleukin-6 levels, except in some subgroups. Conclusions. Our data suggest that C-allele carriers of the IL6 -174GC polymorphism have lower fasting glucose levels on average, which substantiates previous findings of decreased T2DM risk of these subjects.

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References
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Global Prevalence of Diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030

TL;DR: Findings indicate that the "diabetes epidemic" will continue even if levels of obesity remain constant, and given the increasing prevalence of obesity, it is likely that these figures provide an underestimate of future diabetes prevalence.
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The effect of novel polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene on IL-6 transcription and plasma IL-6 levels, and an association with systemic-onset juvenile chronic arthritis.

TL;DR: There is a genetically determined difference in the degree of the IL-6 response to stressful stimuli between individuals, and the reduced frequency of the potentially protective CC genotype in young S-JCA patients may contribute to its pathogenesis.
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Interleukin-6-deficient mice develop mature-onset obesity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of loss of IL-6 on body composition in mice lacking the gene encoding interleukin-6 (Il6-/- mice) and found that they developed mature-onset obesity that was partly reversed by IL-six replacement.
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