The global methane budget 2000–2012
Marielle Saunois,Philippe Bousquet,Ben Poulter,Anna Peregon,Philippe Ciais,Josep G. Canadell,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Giuseppe Etiope,David Bastviken,Sander Houweling,Greet Janssens-Maenhout,Francesco N. Tubiello,Simona Castaldi,Robert B. Jackson,Mihai Alexe,Vivek K. Arora,David J. Beerling,Peter Bergamaschi,Donald R. Blake,Gordon Brailsford,Victor Brovkin,Lori Bruhwiler,Cyril Crevoisier,Patrick M. Crill,Kristofer R. Covey,Charles L. Curry,Christian Frankenberg,Nicola Gedney,Lena Höglund-Isaksson,Misa Ishizawa,Akihiko Ito,Fortunat Joos,Heon Sook Kim,Thomas Kleinen,Paul B. Krummel,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Ray L. Langenfelds,Robin Locatelli,Toshinobu Machida,Shamil Maksyutov,Kyle C. McDonald,Julia Marshall,Joe R. Melton,Isamu Morino,Vaishali Naik,Simon O'Doherty,Frans-Jan W. Parmentier,Prabir K. Patra,Changhui Peng,Shushi Peng,Glen P. Peters,Isabelle Pison,Catherine Prigent,Ronald G. Prinn,Michel Ramonet,William J. Riley,Makoto Saito,Monia Santini,Ronny Schroeder,Ronny Schroeder,Isobel J. Simpson,Renato Spahni,P. Steele,Atsushi Takizawa,Brett F. Thornton,Hanqin Tian,Yasunori Tohjima,Nicolas Viovy,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Michiel van Weele,Guido R. van der Werf,Ray F. Weiss,Christine Wiedinmyer,David J. Wilton,Andy Wiltshire,Doug Worthy,Debra Wunch,Xiyan Xu,Yukio Yoshida,Bowen Zhang,Zhen Zhang,Qiuan Zhu +81 more
TLDR
The Global Carbon Project (GCP) as discussed by the authors is a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists, including atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions.Abstract:
. The global methane (CH4) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH4 are continuing to increase, making CH4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular (∼ biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories and data-driven approaches (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). For the 2003–2012 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by top-down inversions at 558 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 540–568. About 60 % of global emissions are anthropogenic (range 50–65 %). Since 2010, the bottom-up global emission inventories have been closer to methane emissions in the most carbon-intensive Representative Concentrations Pathway (RCP8.5) and higher than all other RCP scenarios. Bottom-up approaches suggest larger global emissions (736 Tg CH4 yr−1, range 596–884) mostly because of larger natural emissions from individual sources such as inland waters, natural wetlands and geological sources. Considering the atmospheric constraints on the top-down budget, it is likely that some of the individual emissions reported by the bottom-up approaches are overestimated, leading to too large global emissions. Latitudinal data from top-down emissions indicate a predominance of tropical emissions (∼ 64 % of the global budget, The most important source of uncertainty on the methane budget is attributable to emissions from wetland and other inland waters. We show that the wetland extent could contribute 30–40 % on the estimated range for wetland emissions. Other priorities for improving the methane budget include the following: (i) the development of process-based models for inland-water emissions, (ii) the intensification of methane observations at local scale (flux measurements) to constrain bottom-up land surface models, and at regional scale (surface networks and satellites) to constrain top-down inversions, (iii) improvements in the estimation of atmospheric loss by OH, and (iv) improvements of the transport models integrated in top-down inversions. The data presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center ( http://doi.org/10.3334/CDIAC/GLOBAL_METHANE_BUDGET_2016_V1.1 ) and the Global Carbon Project.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2018
Corinne Le Quéré,Robbie M. Andrew,Pierre Friedlingstein,Stephen Sitch,Judith Hauck,Julia Pongratz,Julia Pongratz,Penelope A. Pickers,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Glen P. Peters,Josep G. Canadell,Almut Arneth,Vivek K. Arora,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Ana Bastos,Laurent Bopp,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Philippe Ciais,Scott C. Doney,Thanos Gkritzalis,Daniel S. Goll,Ian Harris,Vanessa Haverd,Forrest M. Hoffman,Mario Hoppema,Richard A. Houghton,George C. Hurtt,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Truls Johannessen,Chris D. Jones,Etsushi Kato,Ralph F. Keeling,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Peter Landschützer,Nathalie Lefèvre,Sebastian Lienert,Zhu Liu,Zhu Liu,Danica Lombardozzi,Nicolas Metzl,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Craig Neill,Craig Neill,Are Olsen,T. Ono,Prabir K. Patra,Anna Peregon,Wouter Peters,Wouter Peters,Philippe Peylin,Benjamin Pfeil,Benjamin Pfeil,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Gregor Rehder,Laure Resplandy,Eddy Robertson,Matthias Rocher,Christian Rödenbeck,Ute Schuster,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Ingunn Skjelvan,Tobias Steinhoff,Adrienne J. Sutton,Pieter P. Tans,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Francesco N. Tubiello,Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx,Guido R. van der Werf,Nicolas Viovy,Anthony P. Walker,Andy Wiltshire,Rebecca Wright,Sönke Zaehle,Bo Zheng +84 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, including emissions from land use and land-use change data and bookkeeping models.
Journal ArticleDOI
The global methane budget 2000–2017
Marielle Saunois,Ann R. Stavert,Ben Poulter,Philippe Bousquet,Josep G. Canadell,Robert B. Jackson,Peter A. Raymond,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Sander Houweling,Sander Houweling,Prabir K. Patra,Prabir K. Patra,Philippe Ciais,Vivek K. Arora,David Bastviken,Peter Bergamaschi,Donald R. Blake,Gordon Brailsford,Lori Bruhwiler,Kimberly M. Carlson,Mark Carrol,Simona Castaldi,Naveen Chandra,Cyril Crevoisier,Patrick M. Crill,Kristofer R. Covey,Charles L. Curry,Giuseppe Etiope,Giuseppe Etiope,Christian Frankenberg,Nicola Gedney,Michaela I. Hegglin,Lena Höglund-Isaksson,Gustaf Hugelius,Misa Ishizawa,Akihiko Ito,Greet Janssens-Maenhout,Katherine M. Jensen,Fortunat Joos,Thomas Kleinen,Paul B. Krummel,Ray L. Langenfelds,Goulven Gildas Laruelle,Licheng Liu,Toshinobu Machida,Shamil Maksyutov,Kyle C. McDonald,Joe McNorton,Paul A. Miller,Joe R. Melton,Isamu Morino,Jurek Müller,Fabiola Murguia-Flores,Vaishali Naik,Yosuke Niwa,Sergio Noce,Simon O'Doherty,Robert J. Parker,Changhui Peng,Shushi Peng,Glen P. Peters,Catherine Prigent,Ronald G. Prinn,Michel Ramonet,Pierre Regnier,William J. Riley,Judith A. Rosentreter,Arjo Segers,Isobel J. Simpson,Hao Shi,Steven J. Smith,L. Paul Steele,Brett F. Thornton,Hanqin Tian,Yasunori Tohjima,Francesco N. Tubiello,Aki Tsuruta,Nicolas Viovy,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Thomas Weber,Michiel van Weele,Guido R. van der Werf,Ray F. Weiss,Doug Worthy,Debra Wunch,Yi Yin,Yi Yin,Yukio Yoshida,Weiya Zhang,Zhen Zhang,Yuanhong Zhao,Bo Zheng,Qing Zhu,Qiuan Zhu,Qianlai Zhuang +95 more
TL;DR: The second version of the living review paper dedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-down studies (atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modeling framework) and bottom-up estimates (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations) as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2019
Pierre Friedlingstein,Pierre Friedlingstein,Matthew W. Jones,Michael O'Sullivan,Robbie M. Andrew,Judith Hauck,Glen P. Peters,Wouter Peters,Wouter Peters,Julia Pongratz,Julia Pongratz,Stephen Sitch,Corinne Le Quéré,Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Josep G. Canadell,Philippe Ciais,Robert B. Jackson,Peter Anthoni,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Ana Bastos,Vladislav Bastrikov,Meike Becker,Meike Becker,Laurent Bopp,Erik T. Buitenhuis,Naveen Chandra,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Kim I. Currie,Richard A. Feely,Marion Gehlen,Dennis Gilfillan,Thanos Gkritzalis,Daniel S. Goll,Nicolas Gruber,Sören B. Gutekunst,Ian Harris,Vanessa Haverd,Richard A. Houghton,George C. Hurtt,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Emilie Joetzjer,Jed O. Kaplan,Etsushi Kato,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Peter Landschützer,Siv K. Lauvset,Nathalie Lefèvre,Andrew Lenton,Andrew Lenton,Sebastian Lienert,Danica Lombardozzi,Gregg Marland,Patrick C. McGuire,Joe R. Melton,Nicolas Metzl,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Craig Neill,Abdirahman M Omar,Abdirahman M Omar,Tsuneo Ono,Anna Peregon,Anna Peregon,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Gregor Rehder,Laure Resplandy,Eddy Robertson,Christian Rödenbeck,Roland Séférian,Jörg Schwinger,Jörg Schwinger,Naomi E. Smith,Naomi E. Smith,Pieter P. Tans,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Francesco N. Tubiello,Guido R. van der Werf,Andy Wiltshire,Sönke Zaehle +88 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe data sets and methodology to quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, including emissions from land use and land use change, and show that the difference between the estimated total emissions and the estimated changes in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Carbon Budget 2017
Corinne Le Quéré,Robbie M. Andrew,Pierre Friedlingstein,Stephen Sitch,Julia Pongratz,Andrew C. Manning,Jan Ivar Korsbakken,Glen P. Peters,Josep G. Canadell,Robert B. Jackson,Thomas A. Boden,Pieter P. Tans,Oliver Andrews,Vivek K. Arora,Dorothee C. E. Bakker,Leticia Barbero,Leticia Barbero,Meike Becker,Meike Becker,Richard Betts,Richard Betts,Laurent Bopp,Frédéric Chevallier,Louise Chini,Philippe Ciais,Catherine E Cosca,Jessica N. Cross,Kim I. Currie,Thomas Gasser,Ian Harris,Judith Hauck,Vanessa Haverd,Richard A. Houghton,Christopher W. Hunt,George C. Hurtt,Tatiana Ilyina,Atul K. Jain,Etsushi Kato,Markus Kautz,Ralph F. Keeling,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Arne Körtzinger,Peter Landschützer,Nathalie Lefèvre,Andrew Lenton,Andrew Lenton,Sebastian Lienert,Sebastian Lienert,Ivan D. Lima,Danica Lombardozzi,Nicolas Metzl,Frank J. Millero,Pedro M. S. Monteiro,David R. Munro,Julia E. M. S. Nabel,Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka,Yukihiro Nojiri,X. Antonio Padin,Anna Peregon,Benjamin Pfeil,Benjamin Pfeil,Denis Pierrot,Denis Pierrot,Benjamin Poulter,Benjamin Poulter,Gregor Rehder,Janet J. Reimer,Christian Rödenbeck,Jörg Schwinger,Roland Séférian,Ingunn Skjelvan,Benjamin D. Stocker,Hanqin Tian,Bronte Tilbrook,Bronte Tilbrook,Francesco N. Tubiello,Ingrid T. van der Laan-Luijkx,Guido R. van der Werf,Steven van Heuven,Nicolas Viovy,Nicolas Vuichard,Anthony P. Walker,Andrew J. Watson,Andy Wiltshire,Sönke Zaehle,Dan Zhu +86 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify the five major components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties, and the resulting carbon budget imbalance (BIM) is a measure of imperfect data and understanding of the contemporary carbon cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5.0.3)
Neil C. Swart,Jason N. S. Cole,Viatcheslav Kharin,Mike Lazare,John Scinocca,Nathan P. Gillett,James Anstey,Vivek K. Arora,James R. Christian,Sarah J. Hanna,Yanjun Jiao,Warren G. Lee,Fouad Majaess,Oleg A. Saenko,Christian Seiler,Clint Seinen,Andrew Shao,Michael Sigmond,Larry Solheim,Knut von Salzen,Duo Yang,Barbara Winter +21 more
TL;DR: The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) as mentioned in this paper is a global model developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, to make centennial-scale projections of future climate, and to produce initialized seasonal and decadal predictions.
References
More filters
Book ChapterDOI
Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing
TL;DR: Myhre et al. as discussed by the authors presented the contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2013: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative forcing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning
Meinrat O. Andreae,P. Merlet +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a set of emission factors for a large variety of species emitted from biomass fires, where data were not available, they have proposed estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997-2009)
G. R. van der Werf,James T. Randerson,Louis Giglio,Louis Giglio,G. J. Collatz,Mingquan Mu,Prasad S. Kasibhatla,Douglas C. Morton,Ruth DeFries,Yufang Jin,T. T. van Leeuwen +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a revised version of the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford-Approach (CASA) biogeochemical model and improved satellite-derived estimates of area burned, fire activity, and plant productivity to calculate fire emissions for the 1997-2009 period on a 0.5° spatial resolution with a monthly time step.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback
Edward A. G. Schuur,A. D. McGuire,Christina Schädel,Christina Schädel,Guido Grosse,Jennifer W. Harden,Daniel J. Hayes,Gustaf Hugelius,Charles D. Koven,Peter Kuhry,David M. Lawrence,Susan M. Natali,David Olefeldt,Vladimir E. Romanovsky,Kevin Schaefer,Merritt R. Turetsky,Claire C. Treat,Jorien E. Vonk +17 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors find that current evidence suggests a gradual and prolonged release of greenhouse gas emissions in a warming climate and present a research strategy with which to target poorly understood aspects of permafrost carbon dynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global land cover classification at 1 km spatial resolution using a classification tree approach
TL;DR: In this paper, a 1km spatial resolution land cover classification using data for 1992-1993 from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) is presented. But the approach taken involved a hierarchy of pair-wise class trees where a logic based on vegetation form was applied until all classes were depicted.
Related Papers (5)
Three decades of global methane sources and sinks
S. Kirschke,Philippe Bousquet,Philippe Ciais,Marielle Saunois,Josep G. Canadell,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Peter Bergamaschi,Daniel Bergmann,Donald R. Blake,Lori Bruhwiler,Philip Cameron-Smith,Simona Castaldi,Simona Castaldi,Frédéric Chevallier,Liang Feng,Annemarie Fraser,Martin Heimann,Elke L. Hodson,Sander Houweling,Béatrice Josse,Paul J. Fraser,Paul B. Krummel,Jean-Francois Lamarque,Ray L. Langenfelds,Corinne Le Quéré,Vaishali Naik,Simon O'Doherty,Paul I. Palmer,Isabelle Pison,David A. Plummer,Benjamin Poulter,Ronald G. Prinn,Matthew Rigby,Bruno Ringeval,Bruno Ringeval,Monia Santini,Martina Schmidt,Drew Shindell,Isobel J. Simpson,Renato Spahni,L. Paul Steele,Sarah A. Strode,Kengo Sudo,Sophie Szopa,Guido R. van der Werf,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Apostolos Voulgarakis,Michiel van Weele,Ray F. Weiss,J. E. Williams,Guang Zeng +50 more
Present state of global wetland extent and wetland methane modelling: conclusions from a model inter-comparison project (WETCHIMP)
Joe R. Melton,Joe R. Melton,R. Wania,Elke L. Hodson,Benjamin Poulter,Bruno Ringeval,Bruno Ringeval,Bruno Ringeval,Renato Spahni,Theodore J. Bohn,C. A. Avis,David J. Beerling,Guangsheng Chen,Alexey V. Eliseev,Alexey V. Eliseev,S. N. Denisov,Peter O. Hopcroft,Dennis P. Lettenmaier,William J. Riley,Joy S. Singarayer,Z. M. Subin,Hanqin Tian,Sibylle Zürcher,Victor Brovkin,P.M. van Bodegom,Thomas Kleinen,Zicheng Yu,Jed O. Kaplan +27 more
Contribution of anthropogenic and natural sources to atmospheric methane variability
Philippe Bousquet,Philippe Bousquet,Philippe Ciais,John B. Miller,John B. Miller,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Didier Hauglustaine,Catherine Prigent,G. R. van der Werf,Philippe Peylin,E. G. Brunke,C. Carouge,Ray L. Langenfelds,J. Lathière,Fabrice Papa,M. Ramonet,Martina Schmidt,L. P. Steele,Stanley C. Tyler,James W. C. White +19 more