The Quest for B Modes from Inflationary Gravitational Waves
Marc Kamionkowski,Ely D. Kovetz +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the search for the curl component (B mode) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization induced by inflationary gravitational waves is described, and issues involved in the experimental pursuit of these B modes are described.Abstract:
The search for the curl component (B mode) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization induced by inflationary gravitational waves is described. The canonical single-field slow-roll model of inflation is presented, and we explain the quantum production of primordial density perturbations and gravitational waves. It is shown how these gravitational waves then give rise to polarization in the CMB. We then describe the geometric decomposition of the CMB polarization pattern into a curl-free component (E mode) and curl component (B mode) and show explicitly that gravitational waves induce B modes. We discuss the B modes induced by gravitational lensing and by Galactic foregrounds and show how both are distinguished from those induced by inflationary gravitational waves. Issues involved in the experimental pursuit of these B modes are described, and we summarize some of the strategies being pursued. We close with a brief discussion of some other avenues toward detecting/characterizing the inflationar...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Improved Constraints on Cosmology and Foregrounds from BICEP2 and Keck Array Cosmic Microwave Background Data with Inclusion of 95 GHz Band
Peter A. R. Ade,Zeeshan Ahmed,Randol W. Aikin,Kate D. Alexander,Denis Barkats,S. J. Benton,Colin A. Bischoff,J. J. Bock,R. Bowens-Rubin,Justus A. Brevik,I. Buder,E. Bullock,Victor Buza,Jake Connors,B. P. Crill,L. Duband,Cora Dvorkin,Jeffrey P. Filippini,S. Fliescher,J. A. Grayson,Mark Halpern,Sarah M. Harrison,Gene C. Hilton,Howard Hui,Kent D. Irwin,Kirit Karkare,E. Karpel,J. P. Kaufman,Brian Keating,S. Kefeli,S. A. Kernasovskiy,John M Kovac,Chao-Lin Kuo,E. M. Leitch,M. Lueker,K. G. Megerian,Calvin B. Netterfield,H. T. Nguyen,Roger O'Brient,R. W. Ogburn,A. Orlando,C. Pryke,S. Richter,R. Schwarz,C. D. Sheehy,Z. K. Staniszewski,Bryan Steinbach,R. V. Sudiwala,Grant Teply,K. L. Thompson,J. E. Tolan,Carole Tucker,A. D. Turner,Abigail G. Vieregg,A. C. Weber,D. V. Wiebe,J. Willmert,C. L. Wong,W. L. K. Wu,Ki Won Yoon +59 more
TL;DR: An analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2 and Keck Array cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments up to and including the 2014 observing season yields an upper limit r_{0.05}<0.09 at 95% confidence, which is robust to variations explored in analysis and priors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves Using Planck, WMAP, and New BICEP2/Keck Observations through the 2015 Season.
Peter A. R. Ade,Z. Ahmed,Randol W. Aikin,Kate D. Alexander,Denis Barkats,Steven J. Benton,Colin A. Bischoff,J. J. Bock,J. J. Bock,R. Bowens-Rubin,Justus A. Brevik,I. Buder,E. Bullock,Victor Buza,Jake Connors,J. Cornelison,B. P. Crill,M. Crumrine,Marion Dierickx,L. Duband,Cora Dvorkin,Jeffrey P. Filippini,S. Fliescher,J. A. Grayson,G. Hall,Mark Halpern,Sarah M. Harrison,S. R. Hildebrandt,S. R. Hildebrandt,Gene C. Hilton,Howard Hui,Kent D. Irwin,Kent D. Irwin,J. Kang,Kirit Karkare,E. Karpel,J. P. Kaufman,Brian Keating,S. Kefeli,S. A. Kernasovskiy,John M Kovac,Chao-Lin Kuo,N. A. Larsen,King Tong Lau,E. M. Leitch,M. Lueker,K. G. Megerian,Lorenzo Moncelsi,Toshiya Namikawa,Calvin B. Netterfield,Calvin B. Netterfield,H. T. Nguyen,Roger O'Brient,Roger O'Brient,R. W. Ogburn,S. Palladino,C. Pryke,B. Racine,Stefan Richter,Alessandro Schillaci,R. Schwarz,C. D. Sheehy,Ahmed Soliman,T. St. Germaine,Z. K. Staniszewski,Z. K. Staniszewski,Bryan Steinbach,R. V. Sudiwala,Grant Teply,Grant Teply,K. L. Thompson,J. E. Tolan,C. Tucker,A. D. Turner,C. Umilta,Abigail G. Vieregg,A. Wandui,A. C. Weber,D. V. Wiebe,J. Willmert,C. L. Wong,W. L. K. Wu,Hyunsoo Yang,Ki Won Yoon,Chao Zhang +84 more
TL;DR: Results from an analysis of all data taken by the bicep2/Keck CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2015 observing season are presented, showing the strongest constraints to date on primordial gravitational waves.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection methods for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds: a unified treatment
Joseph D. Romano,Neil J. Cornish +1 more
TL;DR: The article considers both Bayesian and frequentist searches using ground-based and space-based laser interferometers, spacecraft Doppler tracking, and pulsar timing arrays; and it allows for anisotropy, non-Gaussianity, and non-standard polarization states.
Journal ArticleDOI
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VIII. Magnetic Field Structure near the Event Horizon
Kazunori Akiyama,Kazunori Akiyama,Kazunori Akiyama,Juan-Carlos Algaba,Antxon Alberdi,Walter Alef,Richard Anantua,Keiichi Asada,Rebecca Azulay,Rebecca Azulay,Anne Kathrin Baczko,David Ball,M. Balokovic,John E. Barrett,Bradford Benson,Bradford Benson,Dan Bintley,Lindy Blackburn,Raymond Blundell,W. Boland,Katherine L. Bouman,Katherine L. Bouman,Geoffrey C. Bower,Hope Boyce,Michael Bremer,Christiaan D. Brinkerink,Roger Brissenden,Silke Britzen,Avery E. Broderick,Avery E. Broderick,Dominique Broguiere,Thomas Bronzwaer,Do-Young Byun,John E. Carlstrom,Andrew Chael,Chi-kwan Chan,Shami Chatterjee,Koushik Chatterjee,Ming-Tang Chen,Yi Chen,Yi Chen,Paul M. Chesler,Ilje Cho,Pierre Christian,John Conway,James M. Cordes,T. M. Crawford,Geoffrey B. Crew,Alejandro Cruz-Osorio,Yuzhu Cui,Yuzhu Cui,Jordy Davelaar,Jordy Davelaar,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Mariafelicia De Laurentis,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Roger Deane,Jessica Dempsey,Gregory Desvignes,Jason Dexter,Sheperd S. Doeleman,Ralph Eatough,Heino Falcke,Joseph R. Farah,Joseph R. Farah,Vincent L. Fish,Ed Fomalont,H. Alyson Ford,Raquel Fraga-Encinas,Per Friberg,Christian M. Fromm,Christian M. Fromm,Antonio Fuentes,Peter Galison,Charles F. Gammie,Roberto Garcia,Zachary Gelles,Olivier Gentaz,Boris Georgiev,Ciriaco Goddi,Ciriaco Goddi,Roman Gold,Roman Gold,José L. Gómez,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz,Minfeng Gu,Minfeng Gu,Mark Gurwell,Kazuhiro Hada,Kazuhiro Hada,Daryl Haggard,Michael H. Hecht,Ronald Hesper,Elizabeth Himwich,Luis C. Ho,Paul T. P. Ho,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Mareki Honma,Chih-Wei Locutus Huang,Lei Huang,Lei Huang,David H. Hughes,Shiro Ikeda,Makoto Inoue,Sara Issaoun,David J. James,Buell T. Jannuzi,Michael Janssen,Britton Jeter,Wu Jiang,A. Jiménez-Rosales,Michael D. Johnson,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Svetlana G. Jorstad,Taehyun Jung,Mansour Karami,Mansour Karami,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Tomohisa Kawashima,Garrett K. Keating,Mark Kettenis,Dong-Jin Kim,Jae-Young Kim,Jae-Young Kim,Jongsoo Kim,Junhan Kim,Junhan Kim,Motoki Kino,Motoki Kino,Jun Yi Koay,Yutaro Kofuji,Yutaro Kofuji,Patrick M. Koch,Shoko Koyama,Michael Kramer,Carsten Kramer,Thomas P. Krichbaum,C. Y. Kuo,C. Y. Kuo,Tod R. Lauer,Sang-Sung Lee,Aviad Levis,Yan-Rong Li,Zhiyuan Li,Michael Lindqvist,Rocco Lico,Rocco Lico,Greg Lindahl,Jun Liu,Kuo Liu,Elisabetta Liuzzo,Wen Ping Lo,Wen Ping Lo,Andrei Lobanov,Laurent Loinard,Colin J. Lonsdale,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Ru-Sen Lu,Nicholas R. MacDonald,Jirong Mao,Nicola Marchili,Sera Markoff,Daniel P. Marrone,Alan P. Marscher,Ivan Marti-Vidal,Satoki Matsushita,Lynn D. Matthews,Lia Medeiros,Karl M. Menten,Izumi Mizuno,Yosuke Mizuno,Yosuke Mizuno,James M. Moran,Kotaro Moriyama,Kotaro Moriyama,Monika Moscibrodzka,C. Müller,C. Müller,Gibwa Musoke,Gibwa Musoke,Alejandro Mus Mejías,Daniel Michalik,Daniel Michalik,Andrew Nadolski,Hiroshi Nagai,Hiroshi Nagai,Neil M. Nagar,Masanori Nakamura,Ramesh Narayan,Gopal Narayanan,Iniyan Natarajan,Iniyan Natarajan,Antonios Nathanail,Antonios Nathanail,J. Neilsen,Roberto Neri,Chunchong Ni,Aristeidis Noutsos,Michael A. Nowak,Hiroki Okino,Hiroki Okino,Hector Olivares,Gisela N. Ortiz-León,Tomoaki Oyama,Feryal zel,Daniel C. M. Palumbo,Jongho Park,Nimesh A. Patel,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Ue-Li Pen,Dominic W. Pesce,Vincent Piétu,Richard Plambeck,Aleksandar Popstefanija,Oliver Porth,Oliver Porth,Felix M. Pötzl,Ben Prather,Jorge A. Preciado-López,Dimitrios Psaltis,Hung Yi Pu,Venkatessh Ramakrishnan,Ramprasad Rao,Mark G. Rawlings,Alexander W. Raymond,Luciano Rezzolla,Luciano Rezzolla,Angelo Ricarte,Bart Ripperda,Freek Roelofs,Alan E. E. Rogers,Eduardo Ros,Mel Rose,Arash Roshanineshat,Helge Rottmann,Alan L. Roy,Chet Ruszczyk,Kazi L.J. Rygl,S. Sánchez,David Sánchez-Arguelles,David Sánchez-Arguelles,Mahito Sasada,Mahito Sasada,Tuomas Savolainen,Tuomas Savolainen,F. Peter Schloerb,Karl Friedrich Schuster,Lijing Shao,Lijing Shao,Zhi-Qiang Shen,Zhi-Qiang Shen,Des Small,Bong Won Sohn,Bong Won Sohn,Jason SooHoo,He Sun,Fumie Tazaki,Alexandra J. Tetarenko,Paul Tiede,Remo P. J. Tilanus,Michael Titus,Kenji Toma,Pablo Torne,Tyler Trent,Efthalia Traianou,Sascha Trippe,Ilse van Bemmel,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Huib Jan van Langevelde,Daniel R. van Rossum,Jan Wagner,Derek Ward-Thompson,John F. C. Wardle,Jonathan Weintroub,Norbert Wex,Robert Wharton,Maciek Wielgus,George N. Wong,Qingwen Wu,Doosoo Yoon,André Young,Ken Young,Ziri Younsi,Ziri Younsi,Feng Yuan,Feng Yuan,Ye-Fei Yuan,J. Anton Zensus,Guang Yao Zhao,Shan Shan Zhao +294 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a list of authors who have contributed to the work of the authors of this paper: Akiyama, Kazunori; Algaba, Juan Carlos; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Anantua, Richard; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Ball, David; Balokovic, Mislav; Barrett, John; Benson, Bradford A.; Bintley, Dan; Blackburn, Lindy; Blundell
Journal ArticleDOI
The Astrophysics Of Nanohertz Gravitational Waves
Sarah Burke-Spolaor,Sarah Burke-Spolaor,Stephen Taylor,Stephen Taylor,Maria Charisi,Timothy Dolch,Jeffrey S. Hazboun,A. Miguel Holgado,Luke Zoltan Kelley,Luke Zoltan Kelley,T. Joseph W. Lazio,Dustin R. Madison,Dustin R. Madison,Natasha McMann,Natasha McMann,Chiara M. F. Mingarelli,Alexander Rasskazov,Xavier Siemens,Joseph Simon,Tristan L. Smith +19 more
TL;DR: Pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations in North America, Australia, and Europe have been exploiting the exquisite timing precision of millisecond pulsars over decades of observations to search for correlated timing deviations induced by gravitational waves (GWs).
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the first cosmological results based on Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and lensing-potential power spectra, which are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter ΛCDM cosmology with a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new type of isotropic cosmological models without singularity
TL;DR: In this paper, the Einstein equations with quantum one-loop contributions of conformally covariant matter fields are shown to admit a class of nonsingular isotropic homogeneous solutions that correspond to a picture of the universe being initially in the most symmetric (de Sitter) state.
Journal ArticleDOI
Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
Peter A. R. Ade,Nabila Aghanim,C. Armitage-Caplan,Monique Arnaud,M. Ashdown,Fernando Atrio-Barandela,J. Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,R. B. Barreiro,James G. Bartlett,E. Battaner,K. Benabed,Alain Benoit,A. Benoit-Lévy,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,Jérôme Bobin,James J. Bock,Anna Bonaldi,J. R. Bond,Julian Borrill,François R. Bouchet,M. Bridges,M. Bucher,Carlo Burigana,R. C. Butler,Erminia Calabrese,B. Cappellini,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,Anthony Challinor,A. Chamballu,Ranga-Ram Chary,Xin Chen,H. C. Chiang,Lung-Yih Chiang,P. R. Christensen,Sarah E. Church,David L. Clements,S. Colombi,L. P. L. Colombo,F. Couchot,A. Coulais,B. P. Crill,A. Curto,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. D. Davies,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. de Rosa,G. de Zotti,Jacques Delabrouille,J.-M. Delouis,F.-X. Désert,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,Klaus Dolag,H. Dole,S. Donzelli,Olivier Doré,Marian Douspis,Jo Dunkley,X. Dupac,George Efstathiou,F. Elsner,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,Fabio Finelli,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,Aurelien A. Fraisse,E. Franceschi,T. C. Gaier,S. Galeotta,Silvia Galli,K. Ganga,M. Giard,Giovanna Giardino,Y. Giraud-Héraud,E. Gjerløw,J. González-Nuevo,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Serge Gratton,A. Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,Jon E. Gudmundsson,J. Haissinski,Jan Hamann,F. K. Hansen,Duncan Hanson,D. L. Harrison,Sophie Henrot-Versille,C. Hernández-Monteagudo,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,E. Hivon,Michael P. Hobson,W. A. Holmes,Allan Hornstrup,Z. Hou,W. Hovest,Kevin M. Huffenberger,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,J. Jewell,W. C. Jones,Mika Juvela,E. Keihänen,Reijo Keskitalo,Theodore Kisner,R. Kneissl,J. Knoche,Lloyd Knox,Martin Kunz,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Guilaine Lagache,Anne Lähteenmäki,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Massimiliano Lattanzi,R. J. Laureijs,Charles R. Lawrence,S. Leach,J. P. Leahy,R. Leonardi,J. Leon-Tavares,Julien Lesgourgues,Antony Lewis,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,J. F. Macías-Pérez,Bruno Maffei,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,Michele Maris,D. J. Marshall,Peter G. Martin,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Marcella Massardi,Sabino Matarrese,F. Matthai,Pasquale Mazzotta,Peter Meinhold,Alessandro Melchiorri,J.-B. Melin,L. Mendes,Eloisa Menegoni,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,M. Millea,Subhabrata Mitra,M.-A. Miville-Deschênes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Daniel J. Mortlock,Adam Moss,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Pavel Naselsky,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Calvin B. Netterfield,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,F. Noviello,Dmitry Novikov,I. D. Novikov,I. J. O'Dwyer,S. Osborne,Carol Anne Oxborrow,F. Paci,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Daniela Paoletti,Bruce Partridge,F. Pasian,G. Patanchon,David Pearson,T. J. Pearson,H. V. Peiris,O. Perdereau,L. Perotto,Francesca Perrotta,Valeria Pettorino,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,E. Pierpaoli,Davide Pietrobon,Stéphane Plaszczynski,Paola Platania,Etienne Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,N. Ponthieu,L. Popa,T. Poutanen,G. W. Pratt,G. Prézeau,Simon Prunet,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,William T. Reach,Rafael Rebolo,M. Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,S. Ricciardi,T. Riller,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,C. Rosset,G. Roudier,Michael Rowan-Robinson,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,M. Sandri,D. Santos,M. Savelainen,Giorgio Savini,Douglas Scott,Michael Seiffert,E. P. S. Shellard,Locke D. Spencer,Jean-Luc Starck,V. Stolyarov,R. Stompor,R. V. Sudiwala,R. A. Sunyaev,F. Sureau,D. Sutton,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,Daniele Tavagnacco,Luca Terenzi,L. Toffolatti,M. Tomasi,M. Tristram,M. Tucci,J. Tuovinen,M. Turler,G. Umana,Luca Valenziano,Jussi-Pekka Väliviita,B. Van Tent,P. Vielva,Fabrizio Villa,Nicola Vittorio,L. A. Wade,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Martin White,Simon D. M. White,Althea Wilkinson,D. Yvon,Andrea Zacchei,Andrea Zonca +262 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the first results based on Planck measurements of the CMB temperature and lensing-potential power spectra, which are extremely well described by the standard spatially-flat six-parameter LCDM cosmology.
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Peter A. R. Ade,Nabila Aghanim,Zeeshan Ahmed,Randol W. Aikin,Kate D. Alexander,Monique Arnaud,J. Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,A. J. Banday,Denis Barkats,R. B. Barreiro,James G. Bartlett,James G. Bartlett,Nicola Bartolo,Nicola Bartolo,E. Battaner,K. Benabed,K. Benabed,Alain Benoit,A. Benoit-Lévy,A. Benoit-Lévy,A. Benoit-Lévy,S. J. Benton,J.-P. Bernard,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,P. Bielewicz,P. Bielewicz,Colin A. Bischoff,James J. Bock,Anna Bonaldi,Laura Bonavera,J. R. Bond,Julian Borrill,Julian Borrill,François R. Bouchet,F. Boulanger,Justus A. Brevik,M. Bucher,I. Buder,E. Bullock,Carlo Burigana,Carlo Burigana,R. C. Butler,Victor Buza,Erminia Calabrese,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,A. Catalano,Anthony Challinor,Ranga-Ram Chary,H. C. Chiang,H. C. Chiang,P. R. Christensen,L. P. L. Colombo,L. P. L. Colombo,C. Combet,Jake Connors,F. Couchot,A. Coulais,B. P. Crill,A. Curto,A. Curto,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. D. Davies,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. de Rosa,G. de Zotti,G. de Zotti,Jacques Delabrouille,J.-M. Delouis,J.-M. Delouis,F.-X. Désert,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,H. Dole,H. Dole,S. Donzelli,Olivier Doré,Marian Douspis,C. D. Dowell,L. Duband,A. Ducout,A. Ducout,Jo Dunkley,X. Dupac,Cora Dvorkin,George Efstathiou,F. Elsner,F. Elsner,F. Elsner,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,E. Falgarone,Jeffrey P. Filippini,Jeffrey P. Filippini,Fabio Finelli,S. Fliescher,Olivier Forni,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,A. A. Fraisse,E. Franceschi,A. Frejsel,S. Galeotta,S. Galli,K. Ganga,Tuhin Ghosh,M. Giard,M. Giard,E. Gjerløw,Sunil Golwala,J. González-Nuevo,J. González-Nuevo,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Serge Gratton,A. Gregorio,A. Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Mark Halpern,F. K. Hansen,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,D. L. Harrison,Matthew Hasselfield,George Helou,Sophie Henrot-Versille,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,Gene C. Hilton,E. Hivon,E. Hivon,Michael P. Hobson,W. A. Holmes,W. Hovest,Viktor Hristov,Kevin M. Huffenberger,Howard Hui,G. Hurier,Kent D. Irwin,Kent D. Irwin,Kent D. Irwin,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,J. Jewell,W. C. Jones,Mika Juvela,A. Karakci,Kirit Karkare,J. P. Kaufman,Brian Keating,S. Kefeli,E. Keihänen,S. A. Kernasovskiy,Reijo Keskitalo,Theodore Kisner,R. Kneissl,R. Kneissl,J. Knoche,Lloyd Knox,John M Kovac,N. Krachmalnicoff,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Chao-Lin Kuo,Chao-Lin Kuo,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Guilaine Lagache,Guilaine Lagache,Anne Lähteenmäki,Anne Lähteenmäki,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Massimiliano Lattanzi,Charles R. Lawrence,E. M. Leitch,R. Leonardi,François Levrier,Antony Lewis,Michele Liguori,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,M. Lueker,J. F. Macías-Pérez,Bruno Maffei,Davide Maino,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,A. Mangilli,M. Maris,Peter G. Martin,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Peter Mason,Sabino Matarrese,Sabino Matarrese,K. G. Megerian,Peter Meinhold,Alessandro Melchiorri,L. Mendes,A. Mennella,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,Subhabrata Mitra,Subhabrata Mitra,M.-A. Miville-Deschênes,M.-A. Miville-Deschênes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Daniel J. Mortlock,Adam Moss,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Pavel Naselsky,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Calvin B. Netterfield,H. T. Nguyen,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,F. Noviello,Dmitry Novikov,I. D. Novikov,I. D. Novikov,Roger O'Brient,R. W. Ogburn,R. W. Ogburn,A. Orlando,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Roberta Paladini,Daniela Paoletti,Bruce Partridge,F. Pasian,G. Patanchon,T. J. Pearson,O. Perdereau,L. Perotto,Valeria Pettorino,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,Davide Pietrobon,Stéphane Plaszczynski,Etienne Pointecouteau,Etienne Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,G. Polenta,N. Ponthieu,N. Ponthieu,G. W. Pratt,Simon Prunet,Simon Prunet,C. Pryke,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,William T. Reach,Rafael Rebolo,Rafael Rebolo,M. Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,A. Renzi,S. Richter,I. Ristorcelli,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,M. Rossetti,M. Rossetti,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,M. Rowan-Robinson,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,M. Sandri,D. Santos,M. Savelainen,M. Savelainen,Giorgio Savini,R. Schwarz,Douglas Scott,Michael Seiffert,C. D. Sheehy,C. D. Sheehy,Locke D. Spencer,Z. K. Staniszewski,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,R. Sudiwala,R. A. Sunyaev,D. Sutton,A.-S. Suur-Uski,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,Grant Teply,Luca Terenzi,K. L. Thompson,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,J. E. Tolan,M. Tomasi,M. Tomasi,M. Tristram,M. Tucci,A. D. Turner,A. D. Turner,Luca Valenziano,Jussi-Pekka Väliviita,Jussi-Pekka Väliviita,B. Van Tent,L. Vibert,P. Vielva,Abigail G. Vieregg,Fabrizio Villa,L. A. Wade,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Robert A. Watson,A. C. Weber,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Martin White,Simon D. M. White,J. Willmert,C. L. Wong,Ki Won Yoon,Ki Won Yoon,D. Yvon,Andrea Zacchei,Andrea Zonca,Bicep,Planck Collaborations +357 more
Planck 2015 results - XIII. Cosmological parameters
Peter A. R. Ade,Nabila Aghanim,Monique Arnaud,M. Ashdown,J. Aumont,Carlo Baccigalupi,A. J. Banday,A. J. Banday,R. B. Barreiro,James G. Bartlett,James G. Bartlett,N. Bartolo,N. Bartolo,E. Battaner,Richard A. Battye,K. Benabed,Alain Benoit,A. Benoit-Lévy,A. Benoit-Lévy,J.-P. Bernard,J.-P. Bernard,Marco Bersanelli,Marco Bersanelli,P. Bielewicz,P. Bielewicz,J. J. Bock,Anna Bonaldi,Laura Bonavera,J. R. Bond,Julian Borrill,Julian Borrill,François R. Bouchet,Francois Boulanger,M. Bucher,Carlo Burigana,Carlo Burigana,R. C. Butler,Erminia Calabrese,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,Jean-François Cardoso,A. Catalano,A. Catalano,Anthony Challinor,A. Chamballu,A. Chamballu,A. Chamballu,Ranga-Ram Chary,H. C. Chiang,H. C. Chiang,Jens Chluba,P. R. Christensen,Sarah E. Church,David L. Clements,S. Colombi,L. P. L. Colombo,L. P. L. Colombo,C. Combet,A. Coulais,B. P. Crill,A. Curto,A. Curto,F. Cuttaia,Luigi Danese,R. D. Davies,R. J. Davis,P. de Bernardis,A. de Rosa,G. de Zotti,G. de Zotti,Jacques Delabrouille,F.-X. Désert,E. Di Valentino,Clive Dickinson,Jose M. Diego,Klaus Dolag,Klaus Dolag,H. Dole,H. Dole,S. Donzelli,Olivier Doré,Marian Douspis,A. Ducout,A. Ducout,Jo Dunkley,X. Dupac,George Efstathiou,F. Elsner,F. Elsner,Torsten A. Enßlin,H. K. Eriksen,Marzieh Farhang,Marzieh Farhang,James R. Fergusson,Fabio Finelli,Olivier Forni,Olivier Forni,M. Frailis,A. A. Fraisse,E. Franceschi,A. Frejsel,S. Galeotta,S. Galli,K. Ganga,C. Gauthier,C. Gauthier,M. Gerbino,M. Gerbino,M. Gerbino,Tuhin Ghosh,M. Giard,M. Giard,Y. Giraud-Héraud,Elena Giusarma,E. Gjerløw,J. González-Nuevo,J. González-Nuevo,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Krzysztof M. Gorski,Serge Gratton,A. Gregorio,A. Gregorio,Alessandro Gruppuso,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jon E. Gudmundsson,Jan Hamann,Jan Hamann,F. K. Hansen,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,Duncan Hanson,D. L. Harrison,George Helou,Sophie Henrot-Versille,C. Hernández-Monteagudo,D. Herranz,S. R. Hildebrandt,E. Hivon,Michael P. Hobson,W. A. Holmes,Allan Hornstrup,W. Hovest,Zhiqi Huang,Kevin M. Huffenberger,G. Hurier,Andrew H. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,T. R. Jaffe,W. C. Jones,Mika Juvela,E. Keihänen,Reijo Keskitalo,Theodore Kisner,R. Kneissl,R. Kneissl,J. Knoche,Lloyd Knox,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Martin Kunz,Hannu Kurki-Suonio,Guilaine Lagache,Guilaine Lagache,Anne Lähteenmäki,Anne Lähteenmäki,J.-M. Lamarre,Anthony Lasenby,Massimiliano Lattanzi,Charles R. Lawrence,J. P. Leahy,R. Leonardi,Julien Lesgourgues,Julien Lesgourgues,François Levrier,Antony Lewis,Michele Liguori,Michele Liguori,P. B. Lilje,M. Linden-Vørnle,M. López-Caniego,M. López-Caniego,Philip Lubin,J. F. Macías-Pérez,G. Maggio,Davide Maino,Davide Maino,N. Mandolesi,N. Mandolesi,A. Mangilli,A. Mangilli,A. Marchini,Michele Maris,Peter G. Martin,M. Martinelli,E. Martínez-González,Silvia Masi,Sabino Matarrese,Sabino Matarrese,P. McGehee,Peter Meinhold,Alessandro Melchiorri,Jean-Baptiste Melin,L. Mendes,A. Mennella,A. Mennella,M. Migliaccio,Marius Millea,Subhasish Mitra,Subhasish Mitra,M.-A. Miville-Deschênes,M.-A. Miville-Deschênes,A. Moneti,L. Montier,L. Montier,Gianluca Morgante,Daniel J. Mortlock,Adam Moss,Dipak Munshi,J. A. Murphy,Pavel Naselsky,Federico Nati,Paolo Natoli,Paolo Natoli,Calvin B. Netterfield,Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen,F. Noviello,Dmitry Novikov,I. D. Novikov,I. D. Novikov,C. A. Oxborrow,F. Paci,L. Pagano,F. Pajot,Roberta Paladini,Daniela Paoletti,Bruce Partridge,F. Pasian,G. Patanchon,T. J. Pearson,O. Perdereau,L. Perotto,Francesca Perrotta,Valeria Pettorino,F. Piacentini,M. Piat,E. Pierpaoli,Davide Pietrobon,Stéphane Plaszczynski,Etienne Pointecouteau,Etienne Pointecouteau,G. Polenta,G. Polenta,L. Popa,G. W. Pratt,G. Prézeau,Simon Prunet,J.-L. Puget,Jörg P. Rachen,Jörg P. Rachen,William T. Reach,Rafael Rebolo,Rafael Rebolo,M. Reinecke,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,Mathieu Remazeilles,C. Renault,A. Renzi,I. Ristorcelli,I. Ristorcelli,Graca Rocha,C. Rosset,M. Rossetti,M. Rossetti,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,G. Roudier,B. Rouillé d'Orfeuil,Michael Rowan-Robinson,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin,Ben Rusholme,Najla Said,Valentina Salvatelli,Valentina Salvatelli,Laura Salvati,M. Sandri,D. Santos,M. Savelainen,Giorgio Savini,Douglas Scott,Michael Seiffert,Paolo Serra,E. P. S. Shellard,Locke D. Spencer,M. Spinelli,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,V. Stolyarov,R. Stompor,R. Sudiwala,R. A. Sunyaev,R. A. Sunyaev,D. Sutton,A.-S. Suur-Uski,J.-F. Sygnet,J. A. Tauber,Luca Terenzi,Luca Terenzi,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,L. Toffolatti,M. Tomasi,M. Tomasi,M. Tristram,Tiziana Trombetti,Tiziana Trombetti,M. Tucci,J. Tuovinen,Marc Türler,G. Umana,Luca Valenziano,Jussi-Pekka Väliviita,F. Van Tent,P. Vielva,Fabrizio Villa,L. A. Wade,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Benjamin D. Wandelt,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Ingunn Kathrine Wehus,Martin White,Simon D. M. White,Althea Wilkinson,D. Yvon,Andrea Zacchei,Andrea Zonca +337 more
Detection of $B$-Mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales by BICEP2
Peter A. R. Ade,Randol W. Aikin,Denis Barkats,S. J. Benton,Colin A. Bischoff,James J. Bock,Justus A. Brevik,I. Buder,E. Bullock,C. D. Dowell,L. Duband,Jeffrey P. Filippini,S. Fliescher,Sunil Golwala,Mark Halpern,M. Hasselfield,S. R. Hildebrandt,Gene C. Hilton,Viktor Hristov,Kent D. Irwin,Kent D. Irwin,Kirit Karkare,J. P. Kaufman,Brian Keating,S. A. Kernasovskiy,John M Kovac,Chao-Lin Kuo,E. M. Leitch,M. Lueker,Peter Mason,Calvin B. Netterfield,Calvin B. Netterfield,H. T. Nguyen,Roger O'Brient,R. W. Ogburn,A. Orlando,C. Pryke,Carl D. Reintsema,S. Richter,R. Schwarz,C. D. Sheehy,C. D. Sheehy,Z. K. Staniszewski,Rashmikant V. Sudiwala,Grant Teply,J. E. Tolan,A. D. Turner,Abigail G. Vieregg,Abigail G. Vieregg,C. L. Wong,Ki Won Yoon +50 more