The Scourge of Antibiotic Resistance: The Important Role of the Environment
Rita Finley,Peter Collignon,D. G. Joakim Larsson,Scott A. McEwen,Xian-Zhi Li,William H. Gaze,Richard J. Reid-Smith,Mohammed Timinouni,David W. Graham,Edward Topp +9 more
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TLDR
The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome, which highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management.Abstract:
Antibiotic resistance and associated genes are ubiquitous and ancient, with most genes that encode resistance in human pathogens having originated in bacteria from the natural environment (eg, β-lactamases and fluoroquinolones resistance genes, such as qnr). The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome. This highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management. We need to take more steps to decrease the spread of resistance genes in environmental bacteria into human pathogens, to decrease the spread of resistant bacteria to people and animals via foodstuffs, wastes and water, and to minimize the levels of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria introduced into the environment. Reducing this risk must include improved management of waste containing antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.read more
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Mobility of β-Lactam Resistance Under Bacterial Co-infection and Ampicillin Treatment in a Mouse Model.
Alexander Laskey,Marie Ottenbrite,John Devenish,Mingsong Kang,Mirjana Savic,Susan A. Nadin-Davis,John Chmara,Min Lin,James Robertson,Kyrylo Bessonov,Simone Gurnik,Kira Liu,John H. E. Nash,Andrew Scott,Edward Topp,Jiewen Guan +15 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that single-strain infection models for evaluating in vivo gene transfer may underrepresent the consequences of multi-strains infections following the consumption of heavily contaminated food or water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mobility of contaminants of emerging concern in soil column experiments.
Miriam Biel-Maeso,Victoria Burke,Janek Greskowiak,Gudrun Massmann,Pablo A. Lara-Martín,Carmen Corada-Fernández +5 more
TL;DR: In this study, laboratory column experiments under water saturated conditions were conducted to investigate the transport of nine pharmaceuticals and four artificial sweeteners in two soils with similar organic carbon content but different texture to find highest concentrations were measured in the top most layers for contaminants in the soil column with higher clay content (C), whereas vertical profiles were more uniform in that with lower Clay content (S).
Journal ArticleDOI
Class 1 Integron, Sulfonamide and Florfenicol Resistance Genes in Bacteria from Three Unsanitary Landfills, Ibadan, Nigeria
TL;DR: Findings of this study suggest that the landfill ecosystem is a potential site for the evolution of novel resistance genes and are hence important reservoir of antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Longitudinal Shedding Patterns and Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant E. coli in Pastured Goats using a Cohort Study.
TL;DR: Pastured goats, despite minimal exposure to antibiotics, are reservoirs of resistant E. coli that may contaminate the environment and food chain and spread resistant genes to pathogenic bacteria and some that are potential animal and human pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbapenemase-Producing Aeromonas veronii Disseminated in the Environment of an Equine Specialty Hospital
Rachael J. Adams,Dimitria A. Mathys,Dixie F. Mollenkopf,Andrea Whittle,Joshua B. Daniels,Thomas E. Wittum +5 more
TL;DR: This recovery of blacphA-harboring A. veronii is the first report of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in the environment of an equine veterinary hospital, and the low recovery rate suggests that environmental contamination is uncommon.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water environments
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