The Scourge of Antibiotic Resistance: The Important Role of the Environment
Rita Finley,Peter Collignon,D. G. Joakim Larsson,Scott A. McEwen,Xian-Zhi Li,William H. Gaze,Richard J. Reid-Smith,Mohammed Timinouni,David W. Graham,Edward Topp +9 more
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TLDR
The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome, which highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management.Abstract:
Antibiotic resistance and associated genes are ubiquitous and ancient, with most genes that encode resistance in human pathogens having originated in bacteria from the natural environment (eg, β-lactamases and fluoroquinolones resistance genes, such as qnr). The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome. This highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management. We need to take more steps to decrease the spread of resistance genes in environmental bacteria into human pathogens, to decrease the spread of resistant bacteria to people and animals via foodstuffs, wastes and water, and to minimize the levels of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria introduced into the environment. Reducing this risk must include improved management of waste containing antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.read more
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Efficient degradation of tylosin by Klebsiella oxytoca TYL-T1.
Tao Zhang,Shuang-Yan Xu,Hui-Shan Stella Lin,Jian Yang,Zhuoying Zhao,Damià Barceló,Huajie Zheng +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a new tylosin-degrading strain, TYL-T1, was isolated and its phylogenetic similarity to Klebsiella oxytoca was found to be 99.17%.
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How to Answer the Question — Are Drugs Real Threats to Biological Systems or Overrated Innocuous Chemicals?
Emergence and Dispersion of Resistance Genes by the Aquatic Environment: a review
TL;DR: The present review aims to show a range of impacts capable of selecting bacterial resistance in the environment, thus clarifying this environment's role in dispersion of resistance.
Genomic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella Serotypes across Human, Animal and Environmental Sources Reveals Genome Relatedness and Interserovar Exchange of Resistance Determinants.
TL;DR: To assess the impact of manure application in commercial swine farms on the transmission of AMR Salmonella in the environment, environmental samples were collected from farms in North Carolina and Iowa and characterization of the plasmids carrying AMR determinants revealed clonally related Salmoneella in manure and soil at multiple time points.
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Prevalence of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli strains isolated from river Yamuna, Delhi stretch
TL;DR: The current attempt towards identification of existence of multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from the river Yamuna is a rather timely event which may find utility in the development of strategies to counteract this problem by incorporating the use of antibiotic resistance as a bacteriological water quality parameter.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bad Bugs, No Drugs: No ESKAPE! An Update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Helen W. Boucher,George H. Talbot,John S. Bradley,John S. Bradley,John E. Edwards,John E. Edwards,David N. Gilbert,Louis B. Rice,Louis B. Rice,Michael Scheld,Brad Spellberg,Brad Spellberg,John G. Bartlett +12 more
TL;DR: An update on potentially effective antibacterial drugs in the late-stage development pipeline is provided, in the hope of encouraging collaboration between industry, academia, the National Institutes of Health, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention work productively together.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotics in the aquatic environment - A review - Part II
TL;DR: This review brings up important questions that are still open, and addresses some significant issues which must be tackled in the future for a better understanding of the behavior of antibiotics in the environment, as well as the risks associated with their occurrence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotic resistance is ancient
Vanessa M. D'Costa,Christine E. King,Lindsay Kalan,Mariya Morar,Wilson W L Sung,Carsten Schwarz,Duane G. Froese,Grant D. Zazula,Fabrice Calmels,Régis Debruyne,G. Brian Golding,Hendrik N. Poinar,Gerard D. Wright +12 more
TL;DR: Target metagenomic analyses of rigorously authenticated ancient DNA from 30,000-year-old Beringian permafrost sediments are reported and show conclusively that antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon that predates the modern selective pressure of clinical antibiotic use.
BookDOI
Water for Food Water for Life : A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture
TL;DR: Molden et al. as discussed by the authors presented a comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture, focusing on water for food, water for life, and water for the future of agriculture.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water environments
TL;DR: Methods to reduce resistant bacterial load in wastewaters, and the amount of antimicrobial agents, in most cases originated in hospitals and farms, include optimization of disinfection procedures and management of wastewater and manure.