The Scourge of Antibiotic Resistance: The Important Role of the Environment
Rita Finley,Peter Collignon,D. G. Joakim Larsson,Scott A. McEwen,Xian-Zhi Li,William H. Gaze,Richard J. Reid-Smith,Mohammed Timinouni,David W. Graham,Edward Topp +9 more
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TLDR
The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome, which highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management.Abstract:
Antibiotic resistance and associated genes are ubiquitous and ancient, with most genes that encode resistance in human pathogens having originated in bacteria from the natural environment (eg, β-lactamases and fluoroquinolones resistance genes, such as qnr). The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome. This highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management. We need to take more steps to decrease the spread of resistance genes in environmental bacteria into human pathogens, to decrease the spread of resistant bacteria to people and animals via foodstuffs, wastes and water, and to minimize the levels of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria introduced into the environment. Reducing this risk must include improved management of waste containing antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of unprecedented level of antibiotic resistance and identification of antibiotic resistance factors, including QRDR mutations in Escherichia coli isolated from commercial chickens from North India.
Nitish Rawat,Anjali,Rohit Jamwal,Pukhrambam Pushpa Devi,Karuna Yadav,Narendra Kumar,Raman Rajagopal +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the occurrence of antibiotic resistance phenotype and simultaneously understand its genetic basis in Escherichia coli isolated from the cloacal swabs of commercial chickens from north India.
Book ChapterDOI
Antimicrobial Drug Efflux Genes and Pumps in Bacteria of Animal and Environmental Origin
TL;DR: This chapter describes the distribution ofdrug efflux genes and functional roles of drug efflux pumps in bacteria from animals and other environments including soil, plant and aquatic sources.
Dissertation
Permissiveness of soil microbial communities towards broad host range plasmids
TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, which aims to provide real-time information about the physical and social barriers to clean air and water in the Arctic.
Antimicrobials in sewage treatment plants : occurrence, fate and resistance
TL;DR: The World Health Organization has identified antibiotic resistance as a major threat to human health and the environment has been suggested to play an important role in the emergence of antibacterial resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial Resistance in Pasteurellaceae Isolates from Pyrenean Chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) and Domestic Sheep in an Alpine Ecosystem
Irene Torres-Blas,Xavier Fernández Aguilar,Oscar Cabezón,Virginia Aragon,Lourdes Migura-Garcia +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, nasal and lung swabs were collected from hunted Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica), and nasal swabs from sympatric domestic sheep were also collected.
References
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Bad Bugs, No Drugs: No ESKAPE! An Update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Helen W. Boucher,George H. Talbot,John S. Bradley,John S. Bradley,John E. Edwards,John E. Edwards,David N. Gilbert,Louis B. Rice,Louis B. Rice,Michael Scheld,Brad Spellberg,Brad Spellberg,John G. Bartlett +12 more
TL;DR: An update on potentially effective antibacterial drugs in the late-stage development pipeline is provided, in the hope of encouraging collaboration between industry, academia, the National Institutes of Health, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention work productively together.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotics in the aquatic environment - A review - Part II
TL;DR: This review brings up important questions that are still open, and addresses some significant issues which must be tackled in the future for a better understanding of the behavior of antibiotics in the environment, as well as the risks associated with their occurrence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotic resistance is ancient
Vanessa M. D'Costa,Christine E. King,Lindsay Kalan,Mariya Morar,Wilson W L Sung,Carsten Schwarz,Duane G. Froese,Grant D. Zazula,Fabrice Calmels,Régis Debruyne,G. Brian Golding,Hendrik N. Poinar,Gerard D. Wright +12 more
TL;DR: Target metagenomic analyses of rigorously authenticated ancient DNA from 30,000-year-old Beringian permafrost sediments are reported and show conclusively that antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon that predates the modern selective pressure of clinical antibiotic use.
BookDOI
Water for Food Water for Life : A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture
TL;DR: Molden et al. as discussed by the authors presented a comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture, focusing on water for food, water for life, and water for the future of agriculture.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water environments
TL;DR: Methods to reduce resistant bacterial load in wastewaters, and the amount of antimicrobial agents, in most cases originated in hospitals and farms, include optimization of disinfection procedures and management of wastewater and manure.