The Scourge of Antibiotic Resistance: The Important Role of the Environment
Rita Finley,Peter Collignon,D. G. Joakim Larsson,Scott A. McEwen,Xian-Zhi Li,William H. Gaze,Richard J. Reid-Smith,Mohammed Timinouni,David W. Graham,Edward Topp +9 more
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TLDR
The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome, which highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management.Abstract:
Antibiotic resistance and associated genes are ubiquitous and ancient, with most genes that encode resistance in human pathogens having originated in bacteria from the natural environment (eg, β-lactamases and fluoroquinolones resistance genes, such as qnr). The rapid evolution and spread of "new" antibiotic resistance genes has been enhanced by modern human activity and its influence on the environmental resistome. This highlights the importance of including the role of the environmental vectors, such as bacterial genetic diversity within soil and water, in resistance risk management. We need to take more steps to decrease the spread of resistance genes in environmental bacteria into human pathogens, to decrease the spread of resistant bacteria to people and animals via foodstuffs, wastes and water, and to minimize the levels of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria introduced into the environment. Reducing this risk must include improved management of waste containing antibiotic residues and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.read more
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Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates from Penned Broiler and Scavenging Local Chickens in Arusha, Tanzania.
Bernadether T. Rugumisa,Douglas R. Call,Gaspary O. Mwanyika,Rehema I. Mrutu,Catherine Luanda,Beatus Lyimo,Murugan Subbiah,Joram Buza +7 more
TL;DR: The higher prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli from broiler chickens correlated with the reported therapeutic and prophylactic use of antibiotics in this poultry population and it is suggested that improved biosecurity measures and increased vaccination efforts would reduce reliance on antibiotics by these households.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metagenomic insights into the antibiotic resistome of mangrove sediments and their association to socioeconomic status.
TL;DR: Analyzing the resistome of mangrove sediments from Brazil, China, Saudi Arabia, India, and Malaysia showed that the socioeconomic factors strongly determine the antibiotic resistome in the mangroves.
Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in urban wetlands in southwestern Nigeria as a step towards generating prevalence maps of antimicrobial resistance
Olawale Olufemi Adelowo,Odion O Ikhimiukor,Odion O Ikhimiukor,Camila Knecht,Camila Knecht,John Vollmers,Mudit Bhatia,Anne-Kirstin Kaster,Jochen A. Müller +8 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that contamination of these urban aquatic ecosystems with clinically relevant antibiotic resistant bacteria is substantial in some areas and measures should be put in place to mitigate the propagation of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance within the Nigerian aquatic ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current antimicrobial use in farm animals in the Republic of Ireland.
Hannah Martin,Edgar Garcia Manzanilla,Edgar Garcia Manzanilla,Simon J. More,Lorcan O’Neill,Lorcan O’Neill,Lisa Bradford,Catherine I. Carty,Áine B. Collins,Conor G. McAloon +9 more
TL;DR: The progress that has been made regarding data collection in the intensive production sectors such as pigs and poultry is highlighted, however, it is clear there are significant knowledge gaps in less intensive industries such as dairy, beef and sheep.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution and Clonal Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus and Other Staphylococci in Surface Waters: Detection of ST425-t742 and ST130-t843 mecC-Positive MRSA Strains.
Vanessa Silva,Eugénia Ferreira,Vera Manageiro,Lígia Reis,María Teresa Tejedor-Junco,Ana Sampaio,José Luis Capelo,Manuela Caniça,Gilberto Igrejas,Patrícia Poeta +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors as well as the genetic lineages of all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered from water samples collected from 78 surface waters, including rivers, streams, irrigation ditches, dams, lakes and fountains.
References
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Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water environments
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