World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis
Martyn D. Kirk,Sara Monteiro Pires,Robert E. Black,Marisa L Caipo,John A. Crump,Brecht Devleesschauwer,Brecht Devleesschauwer,Brecht Devleesschauwer,Dörte Döpfer,Aamir Fazil,Christa L. Fischer-Walker,Tine Hald,Aron J. Hall,Karen H. Keddy,Robin J. Lake,Claudio F. Lanata,Paul R. Torgerson,Arie H. Havelaar,Arie H. Havelaar,Frederick J. Angulo,Frederick J. Angulo +20 more
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Although it is known that diarrheal diseases are a major burden in children, this first global and regional estimates of the disease burden of the most important foodborne bacterial, protozoal, and viral diseases demonstrated for the first time the importance of contaminated food as a cause.Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Foodborne diseases are important worldwide, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. To our knowledge, we present the first global and regional estimates of the disease burden of the most important foodborne bacterial, protozoal, and viral diseases. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We synthesized data on the number of foodborne illnesses, sequelae, deaths, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), for all diseases with sufficient data to support global and regional estimates, by age and region. The data sources included varied by pathogen and included systematic reviews, cohort studies, surveillance studies and other burden of disease assessments. We sought relevant data circa 2010, and included sources from 1990-2012. The number of studies per pathogen ranged from as few as 5 studies for bacterial intoxications through to 494 studies for diarrheal pathogens. To estimate mortality for Mycobacterium bovis infections and morbidity and mortality for invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica infections, we excluded cases attributed to HIV infection. We excluded stillbirths in our estimates. We estimate that the 22 diseases included in our study resulted in two billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-2.9 billion) cases, over one million (95% UI 0.89-1.4 million) deaths, and 78.7 million (95% UI 65.0-97.7 million) DALYs in 2010. To estimate the burden due to contaminated food, we then applied proportions of infections that were estimated to be foodborne from a global expert elicitation. Waterborne transmission of disease was not included. We estimate that 29% (95% UI 23-36%) of cases caused by diseases in our study, or 582 million (95% UI 401-922 million), were transmitted by contaminated food, resulting in 25.2 million (95% UI 17.5-37.0 million) DALYs. Norovirus was the leading cause of foodborne illness causing 125 million (95% UI 70-251 million) cases, while Campylobacter spp. caused 96 million (95% UI 52-177 million) foodborne illnesses. Of all foodborne diseases, diarrheal and invasive infections due to non-typhoidal S. enterica infections resulted in the highest burden, causing 4.07 million (95% UI 2.49-6.27 million) DALYs. Regionally, DALYs per 100,000 population were highest in the African region followed by the South East Asian region. Considerable burden of foodborne disease is borne by children less than five years of age. Major limitations of our study include data gaps, particularly in middle- and high-mortality countries, and uncertainty around the proportion of diseases that were foodborne. CONCLUSIONS: Foodborne diseases result in a large disease burden, particularly in children. Although it is known that diarrheal diseases are a major burden in children, we have demonstrated for the first time the importance of contaminated food as a cause. There is a need to focus food safety interventions on preventing foodborne diseases, particularly in low- and middle-income settings.read more
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World Health Organization Global Estimates and Regional Comparisons of the Burden of Foodborne Disease in 2010
Arie H. Havelaar,Arie H. Havelaar,Martyn D. Kirk,Paul R. Torgerson,Herman J. Gibb,Tine Hald,Robin J. Lake,Nicolas Praet,David C. Bellinger,Nilanthi de Silva,Neyla Gargouri,Niko Speybroeck,Amy Cawthorne,Colin Mathers,Claudia Stein,Frederick J. Angulo,Brecht Devleesschauwer +16 more
TL;DR: The Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG) reports their first estimates of the incidence, mortality, and disease burden due to 31 foodborne hazards, finding that the global burden of FBD is comparable to those of the major infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 11 Foodborne Parasitic Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis
Paul R. Torgerson,Brecht Devleesschauwer,Brecht Devleesschauwer,Brecht Devleesschauwer,Nicolas Praet,Niko Speybroeck,Arve Lee Willingham,Fumiko Kasuga,Mohammad Bagher Rokni,Xiao-Nong Zhou,Eric M. Fèvre,Eric M. Fèvre,Banchob Sripa,Neyla Gargouri,Thomas Fürst,Christine M. Budke,Hélène Carabin,Martyn D. Kirk,Frederick J. Angulo,Arie H. Havelaar,Arie H. Havelaar,Nilanthi de Silva +21 more
TL;DR: The first estimates of the global and regional human disease burden of 10 helminth diseases and toxoplasmosis that may be attributed to contaminated food are presented, representing an important step forward in understanding the impact of foodborne diseases globally and regionally.
Journal ArticleDOI
The amazing potential of fungi: 50 ways we can exploit fungi industrially
Kevin D. Hyde,Jianchu Xu,Jianchu Xu,Sylvie Rapior,Rajesh Jeewon,Saisamorn Lumyong,Allen Grace Niego,Allen Grace Niego,Pranami D. Abeywickrama,Janith V. S. Aluthmuhandiram,Rashika S. Brahamanage,Siraprapa Brooks,Amornrat Chaiyasen,K. W. Thilini Chethana,Putarak Chomnunti,Clara Chepkirui,Boontiya Chuankid,Nimali I. de Silva,Mingkwan Doilom,Mingkwan Doilom,Mingkwan Doilom,Craig B. Faulds,Eleni Gentekaki,Venkat Gopalan,Pattana Kakumyan,Dulanjalee Harishchandra,Hridya Hemachandran,Sinang Hongsanan,Anuruddha Karunarathna,Anuruddha Karunarathna,Samantha C. Karunarathna,Sehroon Khan,Jaturong Kumla,Ruvishika S. Jayawardena,Jian-Kui Liu,Ning-Guo Liu,Thatsanee Luangharn,Allan Patrick G. Macabeo,Diana S. Marasinghe,Dan Meeks,Peter E. Mortimer,Peter E. Mortimer,Peter Mueller,Sadia Nadir,Sadia Nadir,Karaba N. Nataraja,Sureeporn Nontachaiyapoom,Meghan O’Brien,Watsana Penkhrue,Chayanard Phukhamsakda,Uma Shaanker Ramanan,Achala R. Rathnayaka,Resurreccion B. Sadaba,Birthe Sandargo,Binu C. Samarakoon,Danushka S. Tennakoon,Ramamoorthy Siva,Wasan Sriprom,Trichur S. Suryanarayanan,Kanaporn Sujarit,Nakarin Suwannarach,Thitipone Suwunwong,Benjarong Thongbai,Naritsada Thongklang,De-Ping Wei,S. Nuwanthika Wijesinghe,Jake Winiski,Jiye Yan,Erandi Yasanthika,Marc Stadler +69 more
TL;DR: This manuscript reviews fifty ways in which fungi can potentially be utilized as biotechnology and provides a flow chart that can be used to convince funding bodies of the importance of fungi for biotechnological research and as potential products.
Journal ArticleDOI
The global burden of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Jeffrey D. Stanaway,Andrea Parisi,K. Sarkar,Brigette F. Blacker,Robert Reiner,Simon I. Hay,Molly R Nixon,Christiane Dolecek,Spencer L. James,Ali H. Mokdad,Getaneh Alemu Abebe,Elham Ahmadian,Fares Alahdab,Alemnew Btt.,Vahid Alipour,F Allah Bakeshei,Megbaru Debalkie Animut,Fereshteh Ansari,Jalal Arabloo,Ephrem Tsegay Asfaw,Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,Quique Bassat,Belayneh Ymm.,Félix Carvalho,Ahmad Daryani,Feleke Mekonnen Demeke,Demis Abb.,Manisha Dubey,Eyasu Ejeta Duken,Susanna Dunachie,Aziz Eftekhari,Eduarda Fernandes,R Fouladi Fard,Getnet Gedefaw,Birhanu Geta,Katherine B Gibney,Amir Hasanzadeh,Chi Linh Hoang,Amir Kasaeian,Amir Khater,Zelalem Teklemariam Kidanemariam,Ayenew Molla Lakew,Reza Malekzadeh,Addisu Melese,Desalegn Tadese Mengistu,Tomislav Mestrovic,Bartosz Miazgowski,Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad,Mahdi Mohammadian,Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani,Cuong Tat Nguyen,Long Hoang Nguyen,Son Hoang Nguyen,Yirga Legesse Nirayo,Andrew T Olagunju,Tinuke O Olagunju,Hadi Pourjafar,Mostafa Qorbani,Mohammad Rabiee,Navid Rabiee,Anwar Rafay,Aziz Rezapour,Abdallah M. Samy,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Masood Ali Shaikh,Mehdi Sharif,Mika Shigematsu,Belay Tessema,Bach Xuan Tran,Irfan Ullah,Ebrahim M Yimer,Zoubida Zaidi,Murray Cjl.,John A. Crump +73 more
TL;DR: The first global estimates of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease that have been produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibacterial Properties of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials
TL;DR: The inherent antibacterial activity of graphene-family and recent advances that have been made on graphene-based antibacterial materials covering the functionalization with silver nanoparticles, other metal ions/oxides nanoparticles , polymers, antibiotics, and enzymes along with their multicomponent functionalization are described.
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Journal Article
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TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive update of disease burden worldwide incorporating a systematic reassessment of disease and injury-specific epidemiology has been done since the 1990 study, and the authors aimed to calculate disease burden globally and for 21 regions for 1990, 2005, and 2010 with methods to enable meaningful comparisons over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
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Murdoch,Michael K Mwaniki,Kovin Naidoo,M. Nathan Nair,Luigi Naldi,K.M. Venkat Narayan,Paul K. Nelson,Robert G. Nelson,Michael C. Nevitt,Charles R. Newton,Sandra Nolte,Paul Norman,Rosana E. Norman,Martin O'Donnell,Simon J. O’Hanlon,Casey Olives,Saad B. Omer,Katrina F Ortblad,Richard H. Osborne,Doruk Ozgediz,Andrew Page,Bishnu Pahari,Jeyaraj D Pandian,Andrea Panozo Rivero,Scott B. Patten,Neil Pearce,Rogelio Perez Padilla,Fernando Perez-Ruiz,Norberto Perico,Konrad Pesudovs,David Phillips,Michael Phillips,Kelsey Pierce,Sébastien D. S. Pion,Guilherme V. Polanczyk,Suzanne Polinder,C. Arden Pope,Svetlana Popova,Esteban Porrini,Farshad Pourmalek,Martin Prince,Rachel L. Pullan,Kapa D. Ramaiah,Dharani Ranganathan,Homie Razavi,Mathilda Regan,Jürgen Rehm,David B. Rein,G. Remuzzi,Kathryn Richardson,Frederick P. Rivara,Thomas Roberts,Carolyn Robinson,Felipe Rodriguez De Leòn,Luca Ronfani,Robin Room,Robin Room,Lisa C. Rosenfeld,Lesley Rushton,Ralph L. 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TL;DR: The results for 1990 and 2010 supersede all previously published Global Burden of Disease results and highlight the importance of understanding local burden of disease and setting goals and targets for the post-2015 agenda taking such patterns into account.
Journal ArticleDOI
Foodborne Illness Acquired in the United States—Major Pathogens
Elaine Scallan,Robert M. Hoekstra,Frederick J. Angulo,Robert V. Tauxe,Marc-Alain Widdowson,Sharon L. Roy,Jeffery L. Jones,Patricia M. Griffin +7 more
TL;DR: Each year, 31 pathogens caused 9.4 million episodes of foodborne illness, resulting in 55,961 hospitalizations and 1,351 deaths in the United States.
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