Institution
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Facility•Lausanne, Switzerland•
About: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne is a facility organization based out in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 44041 authors who have published 98296 publications receiving 4372092 citations. The organization is also known as: EPFL & ETHL.
Topics: Population, Catalysis, Computer science, Laser, Context (language use)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The presence of a lymphatic vessel network in the dura mater of the mouse brain is discovered and it is shown that these dural lymphatic vessels are important for the clearance of macromolecules from the brain.
Abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) is considered an organ devoid of lymphatic vasculature. Yet, part of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drains into the cervical lymph nodes (LNs). The mechanism of CSF entry into the LNs has been unclear. Here we report the surprising finding of a lymphatic vessel network in the dura mater of the mouse brain. We show that dural lymphatic vessels absorb CSF from the adjacent subarachnoid space and brain interstitial fluid (ISF) via the glymphatic system. Dural lymphatic vessels transport fluid into deep cervical LNs (dcLNs) via foramina at the base of the skull. In a transgenic mouse model expressing a VEGF-C/D trap and displaying complete aplasia of the dural lymphatic vessels, macromolecule clearance from the brain was attenuated and transport from the subarachnoid space into dcLNs was abrogated. Surprisingly, brain ISF pressure and water content were unaffected. Overall, these findings indicate that the mechanism of CSF flow into the dcLNs is directly via an adjacent dural lymphatic network, which may be important for the clearance of macromolecules from the brain. Importantly, these results call for a reexamination of the role of the lymphatic system in CNS physiology and disease.
1,458 citations
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TL;DR: Intervention with myofibroblast stress perception and transmission offers novel strategies to reduce tissue contracture; stress release leads to the instant loss of contraction and promotes apoptosis.
1,455 citations
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01 Jul 1999TL;DR: The basic concepts of watermarking systems are outlined and illustrated with proposed water marking methods for images, video, audio, text documents, and other media.
Abstract: Multimedia watermarking technology has evolved very quickly during the last few years. A digital watermark is information that is imperceptibly and robustly embedded in the host data such that it cannot be removed. A watermark typically contains information about the origin, status, or recipient of the host data. In this tutorial paper, the requirements and applications for watermarking are reviewed. Applications include copyright protection, data monitoring, and data tracking. The basic concepts of watermarking systems are outlined and illustrated with proposed watermarking methods for images, video, audio, text documents, and other media. Robustness and security aspects are discussed in detail. Finally, a few remarks are made about the state of the art and possible future developments in watermarking technology.
1,447 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a method to construct an LNNME-ARTICLE-1999-004, which is used in PhysRevLett.82.944.
Abstract: Reference LNNME-ARTICLE-1999-004doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.944View record in Web of Science Record created on 2007-04-23, modified on 2016-08-08
1,447 citations
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TL;DR: An updated genome‐scale reconstruction of the metabolic network in Escherichia coli K‐12 MG1655 with increased scope and computational capability is presented, expected to broaden the spectrum of both basic biology and applied systems biology studies of E. coli metabolism.
Abstract: An updated genome-scale reconstruction of the metabolic network in Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 is presented. This updated metabolic reconstruction includes: (1) an alignment with the latest genome annotation and the metabolic content of EcoCyc leading to the inclusion of the activities of 1260 ORFs, (2) characterization and quantification of the biomass components and maintenance requirements associated with growth of E. coli and (3) thermodynamic information for the included chemical reactions. The conversion of this metabolic network reconstruction into an in silico model is detailed. A new step in the metabolic reconstruction process, termed thermodynamic consistency analysis, is introduced, in which reactions were checked for consistency with thermodynamic reversibility estimates. Applications demonstrating the capabilities of the genome-scale metabolic model to predict high-throughput experimental growth and gene deletion phenotypic screens are presented. The increased scope and computational capability using this new reconstruction is expected to broaden the spectrum of both basic biology and applied systems biology studies of E. coli metabolism.
1,445 citations
Authors
Showing all 44420 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Grätzel | 248 | 1423 | 303599 |
Ruedi Aebersold | 182 | 879 | 141881 |
Eliezer Masliah | 170 | 982 | 127818 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
G. A. Cowan | 159 | 2353 | 172594 |
Ian A. Wilson | 158 | 971 | 98221 |
Johan Auwerx | 158 | 653 | 95779 |
Menachem Elimelech | 157 | 547 | 95285 |
A. Artamonov | 150 | 1858 | 119791 |
Melody A. Swartz | 148 | 1304 | 103753 |
Henry J. Snaith | 146 | 511 | 123155 |
Kurt Wüthrich | 143 | 739 | 103253 |
Richard S. J. Frackowiak | 142 | 309 | 100726 |
Jean-Paul Kneib | 138 | 805 | 89287 |
Kevin J. Tracey | 138 | 561 | 82791 |