Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz

About: Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz is a education organization based out in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Luminescence & Population. The organization has 1109 authors who have published 2923 publications receiving 19548 citations. The organization is also known as: Casimir the Great University & Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy.

The Directed Compatibility Between Ordered Fuzzy Numbers - A Base Tool for a Direction Sensitive Fuzzy Information Processing

Abstract: The Ordered Fuzzy Numbers (OFN) were defined over 10 years ago as a tool for processing fuzzy numbers. This model has an additional feature used in processing, namely direction. It allows to define arithmetical operations in a new way. Proposed methods retain the basic computational properties of the operations known for the real numbers. Apart from a good calculations, OFNs also offer new possibilities for processing imprecise information. The new property - a direction - has a major impact on the calculations, but gives also a new potential for processing data in the fuzzy systems. We can include to the fuzzy value some more interpretation than membership value. If we want take into account this additional information in the processing of fuzzy system, we need the methods which are sensitive for the direction.

Relationship between Joint Position Sense, Force Sense, and Muscle Strength and the Impact of Gymnastic Training on Proprioception.

Abstract: The aims of this study were (1) to assess the relationship between joint position (JPS) and force sense (FS) and muscle strength (MS) and (2) to evaluate the impact of long-term gymnastic training on particular proprioception aspects and their correlations. 17 elite adult gymnasts and 24 untrained, matched controls performed an active reproduction (AR) and passive reproduction (PR) task and a force reproduction (FR) task at the elbow joint. Intergroup differences and the relationship between JPS, FS, and MS were evaluated. While there was no difference in AR or PR between groups, absolute error in the control group was higher during the PR task (7.15 ± 2.72°) than during the AR task (3.1 ± 1.93°). Mean relative error in the control group was 61% higher in the elbow extensors than in the elbow flexors during 50% FR, while the gymnast group had similar results in both reciprocal muscles. There was no linear correlation between JPS and FS in either group; however, FR was negatively correlated with antagonist MS. In conclusion, this study found no evidence for a relationship between the accuracy of FS and JPS at the elbow joint. Long-term gymnastic training improves the JPS and FS of the elbow extensors.

Intra-Group Factorial Model as the Basis of Pedagogical Control over Motor and Functional Fitness Dynamic of 14-16 Years Old Girls

Abstract: IntroductionIn modern conditions of schoolchildren's progressing immobility and their organism's low resistance to morbidity there appears a problem of increasing of children's and adolescents' physical education's effectiveness. Results of scientific researches in the field of medical-biological and pedagogic sciences show, that physical exercises are the most powerful means, capable to ensure general and purposeful development of functions and systems of adolescents' organisms (Ruiz, Silva, & Oliveira, 2009; Santos, Mota, & Santos, 2014). This fact is proved by the data about correspondence of tests to national criteria of children's health (Santos, Mota, & Santos, 2014) and by adequacy of the offered tests to children's age (Castro-Pinero, Mora, & GonzalezMontesinos, 2009; Gavin, Christine, & Daniel, 2012).Pedagogic control in sports training (Tuisheva & Ivanenko, 2015) and at physical culture lessons (Golovin, Konchic, & Turygin, 2013) is one of conditions of schoolchildren's motor functioning intensification. The procedure of pedagogic control implies classification of current state of motor and functional fitness, on which taking decisions about children's and adolescents' physical education depends. So, classification of motor fitness current state is of practical importance for working out effective programs of schoolchildren's physical training. Proper organization of pedagogic control over children's and adolescents' motor and functional fitness requires consideration of age peculiarities of their growth. Such approach permits to increase physical exercises' effectiveness. Numerous testing of 14-16 years' age girls permitted to determine specific features of fencing training (Kabanova, 2007), race walking (Tuisheva & Ivanenko, 2015), tennis (Jagiello & Jagiello, 2015), boxing (Aslaev & Kotova, 2015), swimming (Isaev, Erlikh, Nenasheva, Shepilov, & Romanova, 2014; Eider, 2015). Authors note that at all stages of training proper control with the help of tests is an integral part of junior sportsmen many years training. It permits to more effectively perfect components of junior sportsmen physical, technical and psychological training.In sports-pedagogic practice objective mark of sportsmen's potentials is regarded, even on initial stages of many years training, as one of important problems. In conditions of age development and formation of sportsmen's skillfulness numerous control indicators' reliability and information potential change, owing to different circumstances. That is why proper quantitative information permits to individualize sportsmen's training, in compliance with requirements to controlled processes (Zaporozhanov & Boraczynski, 2015; Iermakov, Podrigalo, & Jagiello, 2016). Such approach witnesses about purposefulness of control improvement for substantiation of increasing quality of sportsmen's status assessment in specific conditions of physical education (Zaporozhanov, Kochanowicz, & Kochanowicz, 2014; Skidan, Sevdalev, & Vrublewskiy, 2015).Physical exercises' practicing by 14-16 years' age girls requires consideration their physiological characteristics (Piatunina & Gajnanova, 2006; Leer & Zvereva, 2013), hemo-dynamic types (Sokolov & Grechkina, 2008; Levushkin & Son'kin, 2009), environment (Mamaev & Ivanova, 2014). It permits the following:- Increase effectiveness and immediacy of educational process control (Limarenko, 2010; Parniakov, 2015);- Perfect and substantiate criteria of assessment of schoolchildren organism's functional characteristics and motor potentials (Majfat, 2014; Selitrenikova & Korolev, 2014);- Realize support at optimal level and targeted correction of schoolchildren's physical and mental workability (Golovin et al., 2013; Nosko, Razumeyko, Iermakov, & Yermakova, 2016);- Consider rate of physical condition and motor fitness increment during all period of studying (Germanov, Mashoshina, & Vasenin, 2014);- Use physiological data for prediction of junior sportsmen's future career progress (Gonaus & Muller, 2012);- Self-regulation of physical loads among physically developed adolescents (Gerber, Lindwall, Brand, Lang, Elliot, & Puhse, 2915). …

A systemic literature review of neuroimaging studies in women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

Abstract: Chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits in patients with breast cancer, predominantly in attention and verbal memory, have been observed in numerous studies. These neuropsychological findings are corroborated by the results of neuroimaging studies. The aim of this paper was to survey the reports on cerebral structural and functional alterations in women with breast cancer treated with chemotherapy (CTx). First, we discuss the host-related and disease-related mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment after CTx. We point out the direct and indirect neurotoxic effect of cytostatics, which may cause: a damage to neurons or glial cells, changes in neurotransmitter levels, deregulation of the immune system and/or cytokine release. Second, we focus on the results of neuroimaging studies on brain structure and function that revealed decreased: density of grey matter, integrity of white matter and volume of multiple brain regions, as well as their lower activation during cognitive task performance. Finally, we concentrate on compensatory mechanisms, which activate additional brain areas or neural connection to reach the premorbid cognitive efficiency.

The Effect of Accelerated Aging on Polylactide Containing Plant Extracts.

Abstract: In this study, natural extracts of plant origin were used as anti-aging compounds of biodegradable polymers. Coffee (0.5⁻10 wt%), cocoa, or cinnamon extracts were added to the polylactide matrix. The obtained materials were subjected to an accelerated aging process (720, 1440, or 2160 h) at 45 °C and 70% relative humidity under continuous UV radiation. The effectiveness of the tested extracts was compared to a commercially available anti-aging compound, 2 wt% of butylated hydroxytoluene. Visual evaluation, scanning electron microscopy, melt flow rate, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile strength, and impact tensile tests were performed. We show that the use of smaller amounts of tested extracts is particularly advantageous, which do not adversely affect the properties of polylactide-based materials at low contents. At the same time, their effectiveness in stabilizing tested properties during the accelerated aging process is mostly comparable to or greater than the reference compound.