Keele University

About: Keele University is a education organization based out in Newcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 11318 authors who have published 26323 publications receiving 894671 citations. The organization is also known as: Keele University.

The responses of single neurones in the cochlear nucleus of the cat as a function of their location and the anaesthetic state

Abstract: 1 The response of single neurones in the cat cochlear nucleus to single tones have been studied as a function of their location in the dorsal, anteroventral and posteroventral divisions, with and without a variety of anaesthetics, and with particular attention to systematic analysis of the effective frequency bands and the time-course of responses 2 The neurons were classified into five Response Types; (1) excitatory only; (2) excitatory, with inhibition at the termination of effective tones; (3) excitatory, with inhibition to one or more adjacent frequency “side-bands”; (4) mainly inhibitory over a wide band of frequencies with one or more, usually adjacent, excitatory frequency bands; (5) inhibitory only at threshold, with or without “off-excitation”, or high threshold excitatory “side-bands” 3 Substantial differences in the distribution of Response Types, and in particular of inhibitory phenomena, were found between dorsal and ventral divisions, and in the dorsal division between anaesthetized and unanaesthetized conditions No significant differences were found between anteroventral and posteroventral divisions, with or without anaesthesia Response Type 1 neurones were almost entirely restricted to the ventral divisions, where Type 2 was the commonest 92% of the dorsal division neurones in the unanaesthetized or chloralose anaesthetized preparations, and 50% in the barbiturate and halothane preparations could be inhibited by single tones, ie were of Types 3, 4 or 5 In the ventral divisions the corresponding proportions were approximately 10% under both conditions of anaesthesia 4 Pentobarbitone and halothane anaesthesia reduce the inhibition on neurones of the dorsal division 5 It is concluded that the dorsal nucleus is a more complex and more highly differentiated division of the cochlear nucleus than the ventral, both functionally and anatomically

Mortality and morbidity in Cushing's disease over 50 years in Stoke-on-Trent, UK: audit and meta-analysis of literature.

Abstract: Mortality in Cushing's disease is double that of the general population, but for patients in remission mortality to date is not increased.

Response Format in Writing Self-Efficacy Assessment: Greater Discrimination Increases Prediction

Abstract: Writing self-efficacy scales differing in response format were compared. A scale with a 0-100 format was psychometrically stronger than a scale with a traditional Likert format.

The benefits of self-compassion and optimism exercises for individuals vulnerable to depression

Abstract: The effectiveness of two online exercises intended to help individuals experience (1) self-compassion (n = 63) and (2) optimism (n = 55) were compared to a control intervention where participants wrote about an early memory (n = 70). A battery of tests was completed at 1 week following the exercise period, and at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups. Both active interventions resulted in significant increases in happiness observable at 6 months and significant decreases in depression sustained up to 3 months. The interventions were examined in relationship to dependency and self-criticism, both related to vulnerability to depression. Individuals high in self-criticism became happier at 1 week and at 1 month in the optimism condition in the repeated measures analysis. A sensitivity test using multi-level modeling failed to replicate this effect. More mature levels of dependence (connectedness) were related to improvements in mood up to 6 months in the self-compassion condition. This study suggests that different...