Institution
Keele University
Education•Newcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom•
About: Keele University is a education organization based out in Newcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 11318 authors who have published 26323 publications receiving 894671 citations. The organization is also known as: Keele University.
Topics: Population, Stars, Health care, Context (language use), Politics
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics1, Peking University2, Paris Diderot University3, Centre national de la recherche scientifique4, University of Paris5, University of Bonn6, Youngstown State University7, Case Western Reserve University8, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile9, University of Strasbourg10, European Southern Observatory11, University of Lyon12, University of Waterloo13, University of British Columbia14, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris15, Queen's University16, University of Milan17, Keele University18, University of Toronto19, University of Cambridge20, Leiden University21, Carnegie Institution for Science22, Saint Mary's University23, University of Hawaii24, McMaster University25
TL;DR: The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS) as discussed by the authors uses the 1 deg2 MegaCam instrument on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope to carry out a comprehensive optical imaging survey of the Virgo cluster, from its core to its virial radius.
Abstract: The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS) is a program that uses the 1 deg2 MegaCam instrument on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope to carry out a comprehensive optical imaging survey of the Virgo cluster, from its core to its virial radius—covering a total area of 104 deg2—in the u*griz bandpasses. Thanks to a dedicated data acquisition strategy and processing pipeline, the NGVS reaches a point-source depth of g ≈ 25.9 mag (10σ) and a surface brightness limit of μ g ~ 29 mag arcsec–2 (2σ above the mean sky level), thus superseding all previous optical studies of this benchmark galaxy cluster. In this paper, we give an overview of the technical aspects of the survey, such as areal coverage, field placement, choice of filters, limiting magnitudes, observing strategies, data processing and calibration pipelines, survey timeline, and data products. We also describe the primary scientific topics of the NGVS, which include: the galaxy luminosity and mass functions; the color-magnitude relation; galaxy scaling relations; compact stellar systems; galactic nuclei; the extragalactic distance scale; the large-scale environment of the cluster and its relationship to the Local Supercluster; diffuse light and the intracluster medium; galaxy interactions and evolutionary processes; and extragalactic star clusters. In addition, we describe a number of ancillary programs dealing with "foreground" and "background" science topics, including the study of high-inclination trans-Neptunian objects; the structure of the Galactic halo in the direction of the Virgo Overdensity and Sagittarius Stream; the measurement of cosmic shear, galaxy-galaxy, and cluster lensing; and the identification of distant galaxy clusters, and strong-lensing events.
451 citations
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European Institute of Oncology1, Harvard University2, Université libre de Bruxelles3, University of Bern4, Western General Hospital5, Hoffmann-La Roche6, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust7, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University8, Geelong Hospital9, Keele University10, Institute of Cancer Research11, The Breast Cancer Research Foundation12, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center13
TL;DR: 2 years of adjuvant trastuzumab is not more effective than is 1 year of treatment for patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer, and 1year of treatment provides a significant disease-free and overall survival benefit compared with observation.
447 citations
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TL;DR: The protocol recommended for the micronucleus assay in mammalian bone marrow has been revised and simplified and the minimum number of cells to be scored per treatment group has been increased to 20,000 to increase the ability of the assay to detect a doubling of the control micron nucleus frequency.
Abstract: The protocol recommended for the micronucleus assay in mammalian bone marrow has been revised and simplified. The number of sample times has been reduced to one or two, depending upon the dosing protocol. The minimum number of cells to be scored per treatment group has been increased to 20,000 to increase the ability of the assay to detect a doubling of the control micronucleus frequency. Use of both male and female animals is recommended. Scoring of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes of peripheral blood is included as a variation of the bone marrow assay. Published data on chemicals tested by the micronucleus assay have been reviewed and are summarized.
444 citations
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TL;DR: Healthy females exhibited significantly lower mean PPTs in the first dorsal interosseous muscle than males, which was maintained for fourteen repeated measures within a 1 h period, and has clear implications for the use of different gender subjects in laboratory based experimental designs utilising PPT as an outcome measure.
Abstract: Aims of investigation: To quantify the magnitude of putative gender differences in experimental pressure pain threshold (PPT), and to establish the relevance of repeated measurements to any such differences. Methods: Two separate studies were undertaken. A pressure algometer was used in both studies to assess PPT in the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Force was increased at a rate of 5 N /s. In study 1, two measurements were taken from 240 healthy volunteers (120 males, 120 females; mean age 25 years) giving a power for statistical analysis of β =0.80 at α =0.01. In study two, 30 subjects (15 males, 15 females mean age 28 years) were randomly selected from study one. Fourteen repeated PPT measurements were recorded at seven, 10 min intervals. Mean PPT data for gender groups, from both studies, were analysed using analysis of covariance with repeated measures, and age as the covariate. Results: The mean PPT for each of the two measurements in study one showed a difference between gender of 12.2 N ( f =30.5 N, m =42.7 N) and 12.8 N ( f =29.5 N, m =42.3 N), respectively, representing a difference of 28% with females exhibiting a lower threshold. In study two, the mean difference calculated from 14 PPT repeated measurements over a 1 h period was comparable to that in study one at 12.3 N (range 10.4–14.4 N) again females exhibited the lower threshold. The differences in mean PPT values between gender were found to be significant in both study one, at ( P F =37.8, df=1) and study two ( P =0.01, F =7.6, df=1). No significant differences were found in either study with repeated measurement ( P =0.892 and P =0.280), or on the interaction of gender and repeated measurement after controlling for age ( P =0.36 and P =0.62). Conclusion: Healthy females exhibited significantly lower mean PPTs in the first dorsal interosseous muscle than males, which was maintained for fourteen repeated measures within a 1 h period. This difference is likely to be above clinically relevant levels of change, and it has clear implications for the use of different gender subjects in laboratory based experimental designs utilising PPT as an outcome measure.
437 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a distinction is drawn between changes in behaviour and changes in attitudes, and it is argued that attendance to the latter will lead to more secure and long-lasting changes in the former.
Abstract: It is assumed that changes in the behaviour of individuals, institutions and organizations are a prerequisite for sustainable development. This article broaches the question of how best to bring about such change. A distinction is drawn between changes in behaviour and changes in attitudes, and it is argued that attendance to the latter will lead to more secure and long-lasting changes in the former. Fiscal incentives, as a means of changing behaviour, are compared and contrasted with the ‘environmental citizenship’ route to attitude change, rooted in considerations of justice and injustice. Finally, the citizenship curriculum at high school level is considered as a way of promoting environmental or ecological citizenship. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
436 citations
Authors
Showing all 11402 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
James F. Wilson | 146 | 677 | 101883 |
Stephen O'Rahilly | 138 | 520 | 75686 |
Wendy Taylor | 131 | 1252 | 89457 |
Nicola Maffulli | 115 | 1570 | 59548 |
Georg Kresse | 111 | 430 | 244729 |
Patrick B. Hall | 111 | 470 | 68383 |
Peter T. Katzmarzyk | 110 | 618 | 56484 |
John F. Dovidio | 109 | 466 | 46982 |
Elizabeth H. Blackburn | 108 | 344 | 50726 |
Mary L. Phillips | 105 | 422 | 39995 |
Garry P. Nolan | 104 | 474 | 46025 |
Wayne W. Hancock | 103 | 505 | 35694 |
Mohamed H. Sayegh | 103 | 485 | 38540 |