University of Alabama

About: University of Alabama is a education organization based out in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27323 authors who have published 48609 publications receiving 1565337 citations. The organization is also known as: Alabama & Bama.

Corticotropin releasing factor induction of leukocyte-derived immunoreactive ACTH and endorphins

Abstract: Corticotropin releasing factor induction of leukocyte-derived immunoreactive ACTH and endorphins

Demonstration of Chemisorption of Carbon Dioxide in 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquids

Abstract: Real chemistry: Spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses confirm the chemical reaction of CO 2 with carbene present in 1,3- dialkylimidazolium acetate ionic liquids and the supporting role of the acetate ion. When CO 2 was bubbled through [C 2mim][OAc], formation of the corresponding imidazolium carboxylate, [C 2mim +-COO -], could be observed. Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Species composition interacts with fertilizer to control long-term change in tundra productivity

Abstract: Fifteen years of N and P fertilizer addition to an Alaskan moist tundra increased aboveground biomass and primary production by 2.5 times. Species composition of the fertilized vegetation also changed dramatically, from a mix of graminoid, evergreen, deciduous, and moss species to strong dominance by a single, deciduous shrub species, Betula nana. Analysis of these simultaneous changes allows insights into the interactions between changes in resource availability and changes in species composition in regulating vegetation biomass, production, and element use. By the 15th year (1995), both new leaf production and total leaf mass were lower in fertilized than in control plots, although leaf area in fertilized plots was twice that of controls. This occurred because Betula produced thinner leaves than other species, with a high specific leaf area (SLA, leaf area per unit leaf mass). Woody stem mass also increased dramatically in fertilized plots, with secondary growth accounting for over half of aboveground net primary production, NPP. The large increase in wood production was made possible, in part, by the low cost of production of Betula's thin leaves, allowing greater allocation to secondary growth. Wood also had lower N concentrations than leaves, allowing large accumulations of wood at low N cost. Overall, aboveground N concentration in Betula did not change in fertilized relative to control plots, because its low-N wood mass increased more than its high-N leaf mass (with high SLA). Because Betula was so strongly dominant on the fertilized plots and was better able to dilute its greater N supply with new growth, community production and biomass in fertilized plots were higher, and N concentration was lower, than would have been the case if species composition had not changed. Aboveground biomass and leaf area of individual species and functional types were predicted accurately by regression against the number of hits per point-frame pin across the full range of data, including both treatments. Changes in overall canopy structure and leaf display due to fertilization were thus due mainly to changes in species composition, with no detectable effect of treatment on size/structure relationships within species or functional types.

Qualitative data: Cooking without a recipe

Abstract: As researchers who often work with qualitative data, we are frequently asked to review qualitative papers and to speak about how to conduct qualitative research. Through these experiences, we have come to believe that there are prevalent misconceptions about the range of roles that qualitative data can play in research on strategic organization. Most frequently, an assumption is made that qualitative data should only be used in areas of nascent theory. Less frequently but equally problematically, an assumption is made that qualitative data should only be used when researchers are employing an interpretive perspective. We argue that these assumptions about the roles of qualitative data are excessively narrow and have led to several unfortunate consequences. For example, many authors justify their use of qualitative data by arguing that there is a lack of prior theory in their domain of interest – even when this is not the case and when they may be using qualitative data for other, entirely legitimate reasons. In our view, strategic organization is an eclectic domain that encompasses multiple theoretical approaches and levels of analysis, and that diversity can and should be reflected in the ways in which qualitative data are used. It is often observed that no cookbook or recipe exists for qualitative research (Bansal and Corley, 2011; Coffey and Atkinson, 1996; Maxwell, 2005; Pratt, 2009). To take the analogy further, we view qualitative data as an ingredient, like flour, that can be used in a creative and wide-ranging variety of ways. Our intended contribution in this essay is to explicate the multiple functions that qualitative research can play in studies of strategic organization, and in particular, to debunk what we view as myths regarding the circumstances in which qualitative data are valuable, and by extension, the criteria by which qualitative studies should be judged. Our goal is to offer a framework that is useful to authors when deciding whether and how to use qualitative data and to reviewers when evaluating qualitative work. We hope to move the field beyond its current state, which reminds us of a restaurant critic who disparages a perfectly good chocolate eclair because he was expecting a baguette. 452821 SOQ10310.1177/1476127012452821Graebner et al.Strategic Organization 2012