Institution
University of Alabama
Education•Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States•
About: University of Alabama is a education organization based out in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27323 authors who have published 48609 publications receiving 1565337 citations. The organization is also known as: Alabama & Bama.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Galaxy, Health care, Large Hadron Collider
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of Alabama1, University of Alabama at Birmingham2, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center3, Thomas Jefferson University4, George Washington University5, Wake Forest University6, Louisiana State University7, University of Utah8, Columbia University9, University of Cincinnati10, University of Texas at San Antonio11, University of Tennessee Health Science Center12, National Institutes of Health13
TL;DR: Cervical length assessed by endovaginal sonography between 16 weeks' and 18 weeks 6 days' gestation, augmented by serial evaluations, predicts spontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation in high-risk women.
Abstract: ContextAlthough shortened cervical length has been consistently associated
with spontaneous preterm birth, it is not known when in gestation this risk
factor becomes apparent.ObjectiveTo determine whether sonographic cervical findings between 16 weeks'
and 18 weeks 6 days' gestation predict spontaneous preterm birth and whether
serial evaluations up to 23 weeks 6 days' gestation improve prediction in
high-risk women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsBlinded observational study performed between March 1997 and November
1999 at 9 university-affiliated medical centers in the United States in 183
women with singleton gestations who previously had experienced a spontaneous
birth before 32 weeks' gestation.ObservationCertified sonologists performed 590 endovaginal sonographic examinations
at 2-week intervals. Cervical length was measured from the external os to
the functional internal os along a closed endocervical canal. Funneling and
dynamic cervical shortening were also recorded.Main Outcome MeasureSpontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation, analyzed by selected
cutoff values of cervical length.ResultsForty-eight women (26%) experienced spontaneous preterm birth before
35 weeks' gestation. A cervical length of less than 25 mm at the initial sonographic
examination was associated with a relative risk (RR) for spontaneous preterm
birth of 3.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1-5.0; sensitivity = 19%; specificity
= 98%; positive predictive value = 75%). After controlling for cervical length,
neither funneling (P = .24) nor dynamic shortening
(P = .054) were significant independent predictors
of spontaneous preterm birth. However, using the shortest ever observed cervical
length on serial evaluations, after any dynamic shortening, the RR of a cervical
length of less than 25 mm for spontaneous preterm birth increased to 4.5 (95%
CI, 2.7-7.6; sensitivity = 69%; specificity = 80%; positive predictive value
= 55%). Compared with a single cervical measurement at 16 weeks' to 18 weeks
6 days' gestation, serial measurements at up to 23 weeks 6 days significantly
improved the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in a receiver operating
characteristic curve analysis (P = .03).ConclusionsCervical length assessed by endovaginal sonography between 16 weeks'
and 18 weeks 6 days' gestation, augmented by serial evaluations, predicts
spontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation in high-risk women.
443 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review of the research design and operationalization of resource-based constructs used in 125 empirical studies is presented, highlighting key empirical issues particularly important to RBV research and highlighting two important approaches that offer promise for sharpening the boundary conditions of the RBV.
442 citations
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TL;DR: Water is the solvent of life and makes up about 60% of the mass of the human body, but it is rarely used as a primary solvent in synthetic organic chemistry, although there is a growing body of work related to organic chemistry in water.
Abstract: Water is truly ubiquitous. Approximately 80% of the earth’s surface is covered by water, although only 1% of this is drinkable water. Water is the solvent of life and makes up about 60% of the mass of the human body. The majority of synthetic organic chemistry carried out in research laboratories or industrial processes utilizes organic solvents, however. Organic solvents have a number of attractive features: they will dissolve a wide range of organic compounds, they come with a variety of properties, and they are often volatile and easily removed. Unfortunately, organic solvents are often toxic, flammable, and nonrenewable and have low heat capacities. In contrast, water is nontoxic and nonflammable, has a high heat capacity, and is relatively inexpensive. Of course water has some significant drawbacks as a solvent: it is a poor solvent for most organic molecules, and it is highly reactive with many classes of reagents. Because of these drawbacks, water is rarely used as a primary solvent in synthetic organic chemistry, although there is a growing body of work related to organic chemistry in water.1-3
441 citations
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TL;DR: This study investigates the mechanism by which redox cycling organic chemicals, prepared from DEP, induce phase II enzyme expression as a protective response and proposes that Nrf2-mediated phase II enzymes expression protects against the proinflammatory effects of particulate pollutants in the setting of allergic inflammation and asthma.
Abstract: The proinflammatory effects of particulate pollutants, including diesel exhaust particles (DEP), are related to their content of redox cycling chemicals and their ability to generate oxidative stress in the respiratory tract. An antioxidant defense pathway, which involves phase II enzyme expression, protects against the pro-oxidative and proinflammatory effects of DEP. The expression of enzymes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and GST, is dependent on the activity of a genetic antioxidant response element in their promoters. In this study we investigated the mechanism by which redox cycling organic chemicals, prepared from DEP, induce phase II enzyme expression as a protective response. We demonstrate that aromatic and polar DEP fractions, which are enriched in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and quinones, respectively, induce the expression of HO-1, GST, and other phase II enzymes in macrophages and epithelial cells. We show that HO-1 expression is mediated through accumulation of the bZIP transcription factor, Nrf2, in the nucleus, and that Nrf2 gene targeting significantly weakens this response. Nrf2 accumulation and subsequent activation of the antioxidant response element is regulated by the proteasomal degradation of Nrf2. This pathway is sensitive to pro-oxidative and electrophilic DEP chemicals and is also activated by ambient ultrafine particles. We propose that Nrf2-mediated phase II enzyme expression protects against the proinflammatory effects of particulate pollutants in the setting of allergic inflammation and asthma.
439 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors develop new measures of influence strategies in marketing channels (i.e., the means by which a firm's personnel communicate with its partners to affect their behavior) in order to exami...
Abstract: The authors develop new measures of influence strategies in marketing channels (i.e., the means by which a firm's personnel communicate with its partners to affect their behavior) in order to exami...
439 citations
Authors
Showing all 27508 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jasvinder A. Singh | 176 | 2382 | 223370 |
Hongfang Liu | 166 | 2356 | 156290 |
Ian J. Deary | 166 | 1795 | 114161 |
Yongsun Kim | 156 | 2588 | 145619 |
Dong-Chul Son | 138 | 1370 | 98686 |
Simon C. Watkins | 135 | 950 | 68358 |
Kenichi Hatakeyama | 134 | 1731 | 102438 |
Conor Henderson | 133 | 1387 | 88725 |
Peter R Hobson | 133 | 1590 | 94257 |
Tulika Bose | 132 | 1285 | 88895 |
Helen F Heath | 132 | 1185 | 89466 |
James Rohlf | 131 | 1215 | 89436 |
Panos A Razis | 130 | 1287 | 90704 |
David B. Allison | 129 | 836 | 69697 |
Eduardo Marbán | 129 | 579 | 49586 |