Institution
University of Geneva
Education•Geneva, Switzerland•
About: University of Geneva is a education organization based out in Geneva, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 26887 authors who have published 65265 publications receiving 2931373 citations. The organization is also known as: Geneva University & Universite de Geneve.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Planet, Stars, Context (language use)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a Fourier analysis of the charged particle pair distribution in relative azimuthal angle (Delta phi = phi(a)-phi(b)) is performed to extract the coefficients v(n,n) =.
Abstract: Differential measurements of charged particle azimuthal anisotropy are presented for lead-lead collisions at root sNN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, based on an integrated luminosity of approximately 8 mu b(-1). This anisotropy is characterized via a Fourier expansion of the distribution of charged particles in azimuthal angle relative to the reaction plane, with the coefficients v(n) denoting the magnitude of the anisotropy. Significant v(2)-v(6) values are obtained as a function of transverse momentum (0.5 = 3 are found to vary weakly with both eta and centrality, and their p(T) dependencies are found to follow an approximate scaling relation, v(n)(1/n)(p(T)) proportional to v(2)(1/2)(p(T)), except in the top 5% most central collisions. A Fourier analysis of the charged particle pair distribution in relative azimuthal angle (Delta phi = phi(a)-phi(b)) is performed to extract the coefficients v(n,n) = . For pairs of charged particles with a large pseudorapidity gap (|Delta eta = eta(a) - eta(b)| > 2) and one particle with p(T) < 3 GeV, the v(2,2)-v(6,6) values are found to factorize as v(n,n)(p(T)(a), p(T)(b)) approximate to v(n) (p(T)(a))v(n)(p(T)(b)) in central and midcentral events. Such factorization suggests that these values of v(2,2)-v(6,6) are primarily attributable to the response of the created matter to the fluctuations in the geometry of the initial state. A detailed study shows that the v(1,1)(p(T)(a), p(T)(b)) data are consistent with the combined contributions from a rapidity-even v(1) and global momentum conservation. A two-component fit is used to extract the v(1) contribution. The extracted v(1) isobserved to cross zero at pT approximate to 1.0 GeV, reaches a maximum at 4-5 GeV with a value comparable to that for v(3), and decreases at higher p(T).
435 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the relationship between the mean transversal momentum and the charged-particle multiplicity are measured.
Abstract: Measurements are presented from proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of root s = 0.9, 2.36 and 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events were collected using a single-arm minimum-bias trigger. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the relationship between the mean transverse momentum and charged-particle multiplicity are measured. Measurements in different regions of phase space are shown, providing diffraction-reduced measurements as well as more inclusive ones. The observed distributions are corrected to well-defined phase-space regions, using model-independent corrections. The results are compared to each other and to various Monte Carlo (MC) models, including a new AMBT1 pythia6 tune. In all the kinematic regions considered, the particle multiplicities are higher than predicted by the MC models. The central charged-particle multiplicity per event and unit of pseudorapidity, for tracks with p(T) > 100 MeV, is measured to be 3.483 +/- 0.009 (stat) +/- 0.106 (syst) at root s = 0.9 TeV and 5.630 +/- 0.003 (stat) +/- 0.169 (syst) at root s = 7 TeV.
435 citations
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TL;DR: In cultured liver cells, non-coated membrane microinvaginations are preferentially involved in both the initial binding and subsequent internalization of colloidal gold-labelled cholera and tetanus toxin.
Abstract: The binding of various biologically significant macromolecules to specific cell surface receptors is followed by their internalization, a process called receptor-mediated endocytosis1,2. In most cases, it has been shown that receptor-bound ligands cluster in characteristic, bristle-coated indentations of the cell surface known as coated pits1–3. In addition to coated pits, cultured cells have a population of smaller, non-coated membrane invaginations4–6, which may have a role in endocytosis2,7. However, no receptor-bound biologically active ligand has been shown to enter cells via these non-coated invaginations. The studies implicating coated pits in receptor-mediated endocytosis concern essentially ligands that bind to receptors thought to be glycoproteins. We have therefore investigated by electron microscopy the endocytosis of cholera toxin and tetanus toxin, ligands which bind to membrane glycolipids, in particular to either GM1 monosialoganglioside8–11 or di- and trisialogangliosides12–15 respectively. We show here that in cultured liver cells, non-coated membrane microinvaginations are preferentially involved in both the initial binding and subsequent internalization of colloidal gold-labelled cholera and tetanus toxin.
435 citations
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National Institute for Health Research1, University of London2, University of Auckland3, Anglia Ruskin University4, University of Cambridge5, Queen's University Belfast6, Sun Yat-sen University7, The Fred Hollows Foundation8, Mbarara University of Science and Technology9, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare10, University of Geneva11, St Thomas' Hospital12, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust13, Southwest University of Visual Arts14, Orbis International15, International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness16, University of Cape Town17, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust18, University of Michigan19, Emory University20, Johns Hopkins University21, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary22, University of São Paulo23, University of Nairobi24, Seva Foundation25, Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology26, Heidelberg University27, University of New South Wales28, The George Institute for Global Health29, L V Prasad Eye Institute30, College of Health Sciences, Bahrain31, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences32, International Institute of Minnesota33, University of the West Indies34, University of Melbourne35, Kenya Medical Training College36, Federal University of São Paulo37, Capital Medical University38, National University of Singapore39, Singapore National Eye Center40, Pan American Health Organization41, Brien Holden Vision Institute42, University of Calabar43
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined eye health as maximised vision, ocular health, and functional ability, thereby contributing to overall health and wellbeing, social inclusion, and quality of life.
435 citations
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TL;DR: Temporal mapping during a circadian day of binding sites for the BMAL1 transcription factor in mouse liver reveals genome-wide daily rhythms in DNA binding and uncovers output functions that are controlled by the circadian oscillator.
Abstract: The mammalian circadian clock uses interlocked negative feedback loops in which the heterodimeric basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor BMAL1/CLOCK is a master regulator. While there is prominent control of liver functions by the circadian clock, the detailed links between circadian regulators and downstream targets are poorly known. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing we obtained a time-resolved and genome-wide map of BMAL1 binding in mouse liver, which allowed us to identify over 2,000 binding sites, with peak binding narrowly centered around Zeitgeber time 6. Annotation of BMAL1 targets confirms carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as the major output of the circadian clock in mouse liver. Moreover, transcription regulators are largely overrepresented, several of which also exhibit circadian activity. Genes of the core circadian oscillator stand out as strongly bound, often at promoter and distal sites. Genomic sequence analysis of the sites identified E-boxes and tandem E1-E2 consensus elements. Electromobility shift assays showed that E1-E2 sites are bound by a dimer of BMAL1/CLOCK heterodimers with a spacing-dependent cooperative interaction, a finding that was further validated in transactivation assays. BMAL1 target genes showed cyclic mRNA expression profiles with a phase distribution centered at Zeitgeber time 10. Importantly, sites with E1-E2 elements showed tighter phases both in binding and mRNA accumulation. Finally, analyzing the temporal profiles of BMAL1 binding, precursor mRNA and mature mRNA levels showed how transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation contribute differentially to circadian expression phase. Together, our analysis of a dynamic protein-DNA interactome uncovered how genes of the core circadian oscillator crosstalk and drive phase-specific circadian output programs in a complex tissue.
435 citations
Authors
Showing all 27203 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Joseph L. Goldstein | 207 | 556 | 149527 |
Kari Stefansson | 206 | 794 | 174819 |
David Baltimore | 203 | 876 | 162955 |
Mark I. McCarthy | 200 | 1028 | 187898 |
Michael S. Brown | 185 | 422 | 123723 |
Yang Gao | 168 | 2047 | 146301 |
Napoleone Ferrara | 167 | 494 | 140647 |
Marc Weber | 167 | 2716 | 153502 |
Alessandro Melchiorri | 151 | 674 | 116384 |
Andrew D. Hamilton | 151 | 1334 | 105439 |
David P. Strachan | 143 | 472 | 105256 |
Andrew Beretvas | 141 | 1985 | 110059 |
Rainer Wallny | 141 | 1661 | 105387 |
Josh Moss | 139 | 1019 | 89255 |