Utsunomiya University

About: Utsunomiya University is a education organization based out in Utsunomiya, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Holography. The organization has 4139 authors who have published 6812 publications receiving 91975 citations. The organization is also known as: Utsunomiya daigaku.

Vehicle Routing Problem with Fuzzy Due-Time Using Genetic Algorithms

Abstract: 1050 preference very well. Even though customers are asked to provide a fixed time window for service, they really hope to be served at a desired time if possible, We call such a desired time the due-time, In such case, the preference information of customers can be naturally represented as a convex fuzzy number with respect to the satisfaction for service time, In the paper, we suggest to use the concept of fuzzy due-time to replace the concept of time window because it can describe customers preference better than fixed time-window. Thus we can use the mathematics of fuzzy calculus to handle these imprecise descriptions of cus-

Seismoelectromagnetic Effect Associated with the İzmit Earthquake and Its Aftershocks

Abstract: In order to investigate the resistivity structure beneath the northern and the southern branches of the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), which has been known as a seismic gap area, we started wideband magnetotelluric (MT) measurements on 27 July 1999, along a north-south profile crossing the northern branch near Izmit and the southern branch near Iznik. When the Izmit (Kocaeli) earthquake ( M w 7.4) occurred on 17 August 1999, MT fields were being measured at five sites, four of which happened to be located near the surface rupture zone associated with the mainshock, and large variations in the MT fields were observed in association with seismic waves. We propose motional electromagnetic induction in the electrically conducting crust, which vibrates under the Earth's magnetic field, as one of the possible generation mechanisms for such MT field variations. For more detailed studies of such a mechanism, we installed a wideband MT instrument and a three-component seismometer at two of the four sites on 16 September 1999 and made simultaneous measurements during several aftershocks. The estimate of the order of the magnitude of motional electromagnetic response, derived from the MT fields and ground motion observed during a large aftershock ( M 4.5), supports our claim that the seismo-dynamo effect is a plausible mechanism for variations in the MT fields associated with the seismic waves. Manuscript received 31 July 2000.