Utsunomiya University

About: Utsunomiya University is a education organization based out in Utsunomiya, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Holography. The organization has 4139 authors who have published 6812 publications receiving 91975 citations. The organization is also known as: Utsunomiya daigaku.

Preferential Growth of Cube-Oriented Grains in Partially Annealed and Additionally Rolled Aluminum Foils for Capacitors

Abstract: It is well known that a sharp Cube texture is developed for the producing process of a pure aluminum foil for capacitors. The orientation analysis using scanning electron microscopy/electron backscattered diffraction pattern (SEM/EBSP) method has been performed on the transverse direction (TD) sections of partially annealed (PAed) and additionally rolled (ARed) foils through the thickness in order to reveal how Cube-oriented grains have advantages for growth in comparison with the other grains with orientation components of rolling texture. Samples were annealed repeatedly with increasing the temperature in a vacuum. The Cube grains were distributed throughout foil thickness homogeneously in the PAed and ARed foils. The main mechanism of preferential growth of the Cube grains in the PAed foils was driven by grain boundary energy. However, the growth for ARed foils was caused by strain induced grain boundary migration (SIBM) driven by the difference in stored energy between the Cube and the other grains, because the former store less strain energy than the latter after the additional rolling. Furthermore, the grown-up Cube grains having similar orientations met each other and made a cluster in both the foils. Since the clusters develop to reach the foil surfaces and become stable, the Cube grains are easy to cover all of the foil in the final stage of annealing.

Cell-to-Cell Communications among Microorganisms

Abstract: Sociomicrobiology of bacteria is a recent field of research and it involves the study of communication and cooperative behavior of bacteria. Cell-to-cell communication between bacteria, usually referred to as quorum sensing, was initially described as a means by which bacteria achieve signaling in microbial communities to coordinate gene expression within a population. Quorum sensing, mediated by homoserine lactones in many cases, involves small molecules produced by bacteria. This chapter summarizes signal molecules, including homoserine lactones and a variety of compounds, involved in quorum sensing in microorganisms, with emphasis on the chemistry of the signal molecules.

Sorghum diversity evaluated by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and phenotypic performance

Abstract: Analysis of phenotypic performance in the field in combination with molecular analysis provides useful information to increase the efficiency in plant breeding programs. We investigated: (i) the relationship between phenotypic performance and genetic diversity determined using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, (ii) the possibility of grouping inbred lines based on phenotypic performances and (iii) the genotypic and phenotypic variance of yield, yield components and primary agronomic traits among inbred lines. Among 22 sorghum inbred lines, grain yield per plot and days to flowering were less representative as phenotypic markers. However, the following six phenotypic traits showed high heritability; 1000-grain weight, ear length, plant height, stalk diameter, dry weight and harvest index, and were useful as phenotypic markers. The data obtained using SSR markers significantly correlated with those of phenotypic performance in this study, and the grouping of inbred lines based on the combination of the performance of six phenotypes was similar to that based on SSR markers. On the basis of phenotypic performance, four inbred lines, D12, H11, C9xH13 and C9xH11, were selected as promising parents for plant breeding programs.