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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Citations
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DNA-binding specificities of the GATA transcription factor family.

TL;DR: These studies suggest that all three GATA factors are capable of mediating transcriptional effects via a common erythroid consensus DNA-binding motif and the definition of an alternative GATA-2-GATA-3 consensus sequence may facilitate the identification of new target genes in the further elucidation of the roles that these transcription factors play during development.
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Complete sequence of the staphylococcal gene encoding protein A. A gene evolved through multiple duplications.

TL;DR: The gene coding for protein A from Staphylococcus aureus has been isolated by molecular cloning, and a subclone containing an 1.8-kilobase insert was found to give a functional protein A in Escherichia coli.
Patent

Anti-VEGF antibodies

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Elucidation of the Erwinia uredovora carotenoid biosynthetic pathway by functional analysis of gene products expressed in Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: The most important function of carotenoid pigments, especially beta-carotene in higher plants, is to protect organisms against photooxidative damage, and this work has elucidated for the first time the pathway for biosynthesis of theseCarotenoids at the level of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, using bacterial carOTenoid biosynthesis genes.
PatentDOI

Synthesis, deprotection, analysis and purification of RNA and ribozymes

TL;DR: In this article, a method for purification and synthesis of RNA molecules and enzymatic RNA molecules in enzymatically active form is presented, and the method is used to synthesize RNA molecules.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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