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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Benzothiadiazole, a novel class of inducers of systemic acquired resistance, activates gene expression and disease resistance in wheat.

TL;DR: A novel synthetic chemical, benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), was shown to induce acquired resistance in wheat and was the most potent inducer of both resistance and gene induction.
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Reverse transcription of R2Bm RNA is primed by a nick at the chromosomal target site: A mechanism for non-LTR retrotransposition

TL;DR: The open reading frame of the R2 element from Bombyx mori, R2Bm, in E. coli is expressed and it is shown that it encodes both sequence-specific endonuclease and reverse transcriptase activities.
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Primary structure and functional expression from complementary DNA of a human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

TL;DR: Human monocytes induced with adherent IgG secrete an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist which could be important for the in vivo regulation of IL-1 activity and analysis of monocyte RNA indicates that the gene is transcriptionally regulated.
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Lethal skeletal dysplasia from targeted disruption of the parathyroid hormone-related peptide gene.

TL;DR: Analysis of earlier developmental stages revealed that disturbance in cartilage growth preceded abnormal endochondral bone formation, and direct evidence implicating PTHrP in normal skeletal development is provided to emphasize its potential involvement in human osteochondrodysplasias.
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Production of human beta interferon in insect cells infected with a baculovirus expression vector.

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that AcNPV should be suitable for use as a eucaryotic expression vector for the production of products from cloned genes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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