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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Citations
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Emerging technologies in DNA sequencing

TL;DR: The DNA polymerase-dependent strategies of Sanger sequencing, single nucleotide addition, and cyclic reversible termination are discussed to highlight recent advances and potential challenges these technologies face in their development for ultrafast DNA sequencing.
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An efficient route to human bispecific IgG

TL;DR: The engineered heavy chains retain their ability to support antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity as demonstrated with an anti-HER2 antibody.
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Sequence of protein disulphide isomerase and implications of its relationship to thioredoxin

TL;DR: The sequence of cloned rat liver PDI complementary DNA is described which predicts a protein with two distinct regions homologous with Escherichia coli thioredoxin, a known cofactor in oxidation–reduction reactions, suggesting that PDI, similar in action to thiOREDoxin, catalyses disulphide bond interchange via an internal disulPHide–sulphydryl interchange.
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Structure and novel exons of the human tau gene.

TL;DR: Examination of human tau mRNA indicates that the human cerebrocortical splicing pattern differs from that previously reported for the murine and bovine tau mRNAs, despite conserved exon organization in all three genes.
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Advanced sequencing technologies: methods and goals.

TL;DR: Various novel sequencing technologies are being developed, each aspiring to reduce costs to the point at which the genomes of individual humans could be sequenced as part of routine health care.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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