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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Citations
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Construction of improved M13 vectors using oligodeoxynucleotide-directed mutagenesis.

TL;DR: In adding the restriction endonuclease cleavage sites for SphI and KpnI to the lac cloning region of the phage vectors, this technique can be used as a general method for inserting sequences of DNA as well as introducing deletions and base pair changes.
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Complete cloning of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) cDNA and preliminary genomic organization of the DMD gene in normal and affected individuals.

TL;DR: The 14 kb human Duchenne muscular dystrophy cDNA corresponding to a complete representation of the fetal skeletal muscle transcript has been cloned and the majority of deletions are concentrated in a single genomic segment corresponding to only 2 kb of the transcript.
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Multiple isoforms of human microtubule-associated protein tau: sequences and localization in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease

TL;DR: Antisera raised against synthetic peptides corresponding to these different human tau isoforms demonstrate that multiple tau protein isoforms are incorporated into the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease.
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Molecular cloning and expression of human hepatocyte growth factor

TL;DR: The nucleotide sequence of the human HGF cDNA reveals that both α- andβ-chains are contained in a single open reading frame coding for a pre-pro precursor protein of 728 amino acids, which indicates that the activity of HGF is not species-specific.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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