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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
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TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Citations
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Ras1 and a putative guanine nucleotide exchange factor perform crucial steps in signaling by the sevenless protein tyrosine kinase.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the stimulation of ras protein activity is a key element in the signaling by sevenless and Ellipse and that this stimulation may be achieved by activating the exchange of GTP for bound GDP by the rasprotein.
Book ChapterDOI

The Analysis of Natural Microbial Populations by Ribosomal RNA Sequences

TL;DR: Technical strategies are described which useinant DNA methodology and rapid nucleotide sequence determinations to analyze phylogenetic and quantitative aspects of mixed, naturally occurring microbial populations.
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Molecular microbial diversity of an anaerobic digestor as determined by small-subunit rDNA sequence analysis.

TL;DR: The bacterial community structure of a fluidized-bed reactor fed by vinasses (wine distillation waste) was analyzed and four small-subunit (SSU) rDNA clone libraries of Bacteria, Archaea, Procarya, and Eucarya populations were established.
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A ras-like protein is required for a post-Golgi event in yeast secretion

TL;DR: It is proposed that the SEC4 product is a GTP-binding protein that plays an essential role in controlling a late stage of the secretory pathway.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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