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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Citations
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A new pair of M13 vectors for selecting either DNA strand of double-digest restriction fragments.

TL;DR: Two new M13 vectors, M13MP8 and M13mp9, have been constructed that permit the cloning of the same restriction fragment in both possible orientations, allowing the use of only one of the two DNA strands as a template for M13 shotgun sequencing.
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Searching for Peptide Ligands With an Epitope Library

TL;DR: Tens of millions of short peptides can be easily surveyed for tight binding to an antibody, receptor or other binding protein using an "epitope library".
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Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers

TL;DR: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process is used to show that several randomly chosen simple sequence loci with different nucleotide composition and from different species show extensive length polymorphisms.
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A new DNA binding and dimerization motif in immunoglobulin enhancer binding, daughterless, MyoD, and myc proteins

TL;DR: In this paper, two cDNAs were isolated whose dimerized products bind specifically to a DNA sequence, kappa E2, located in the immunoglobulin kappa chain enhancer.
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Sonic Hedgehog Mediates the Polarizing Activity of the ZPA

TL;DR: A vertebrate gene related to the Drosophila segment polarity gene hedgehog, which is expressed specifically in the ZPA and in other regions of the embryo, that is capable of polarizing limbs in grafting experiments is isolated.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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