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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors

Frederick Sanger, +2 more
- 01 Dec 1977 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 12, pp 5463-5467
TLDR
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described, which makes use of the 2',3'-dideoxy and arabinon nucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase.
Abstract
A new method for determining nucleotide sequences in DNA is described. It is similar to the “plus and minus” method [Sanger, F. & Coulson, A. R. (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 94, 441-448] but makes use of the 2′,3′-dideoxy and arabinonucleoside analogues of the normal deoxynucleoside triphosphates, which act as specific chain-terminating inhibitors of DNA polymerase. The technique has been applied to the DNA of bacteriophage ϕX174 and is more rapid and more accurate than either the plus or the minus method.

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Citations
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Cloning the gene for an inherited human disorder—chronic granulomatous disease—on the basis of its chromosomal location

TL;DR: The gene that is abnormal in the X-linked form of the phagocytic disorder chronic granulomatous disease has been cloned without reference to a specific protein by relying on its chromosomal map position.
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Identification of a protein-binding site that mediates transcriptional response of the c-fos gene to serum factors

TL;DR: A DNA-binding gel electrophoresis assay was used to detect a protein(s) in HeLa cell nuclear extracts that specifically binds to the 5' activating element.
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An improved method for prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases by analysis of amplified DNA sequences. Application to hemophilia A.

TL;DR: By means of this method, carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia in two families are performed with use of the factor VIII intragenic polymorphisms identified by the restriction enzymes Bc/I and XbaI.

Identification of a virulence locus encoding a second type III secretion system in Salmonella typhimurium (bacterial pathogenesisypathogenicity islandymurine typhoidysecretionysignature-tagged mutagenesis)

TL;DR: The newly identified SPI2 locus has a lower G+C content than that of the remainder of the Salmonella genome and is flanked by genes whose products share greater than 90% identity with those of the E. coli ydhE and pykF genes.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cloning of the p50 DNA binding subunit of NF-κB: Homology to rel and dorsal

TL;DR: The DNA binding subunit of the transcription factor NF-kappa B, p50, has been cloned and sequence analysis reveals remarkable homology for over 300 amino acids at the amino-terminal end to the oncogene v-rel, its cellular homolog c-rel and the Drosophila maternal effect gene dorsal as mentioned in this paper.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A new method for sequencing DNA

TL;DR: Reactions that cleave DNA preferentially at guanines, at adenines,At cytosines and thymines equally, and at cytosine alone are described.
Journal ArticleDOI

A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase.

TL;DR: A simple and rapid method for determining nucleotide sequences in single-stranded DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase is described and was used to determine two sequences in bacteriophage φX174 DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage G4 DNA.

TL;DR: The sequence identifies many of the features responsible for the production of the proteins of the nine known genes of the organism, including initiation and termination sites for the proteins and RNAs.
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