Globular Adiponectin as a Complete Mesoangioblast Regulator: Role in Proliferation, Survival, Motility, and Skeletal Muscle Differentiation
Tania Fiaschi,Francesco Tedesco,Elisa Giannoni,Jordi Díaz-Manera,Matteo Parri,Giulio Cossu,Paola Chiarugi +6 more
TLDR
In vivo experiments confirm that globular adiponectin increases the survival, engraftment, and localization to muscle of mesoangioblasts in α-sarcoglycan-null mice.Abstract:
Mesoangioblasts are progenitor endowed with multipotent mesoderm differentiation ability. Despite the promising results obtained with mesoangioblast transplantation in muscle dystrophy, an improvement of their efficient engrafting and survival within damaged muscles, as well as their ex vivo activation/expansion and commitment toward myogenic lineage, is highly needed and should greatly increase their therapeutic potential. We show that globular adiponectin, an adipokine endowed with metabolic and differentiating functions for muscles, regulates vital cues of mesoangioblast cell biology. The adipokine drives mesoangioblasts to entry cell cycle and strongly counteracts the apoptotic process triggered by growth factor withdrawal, thereby serving as an activating and prosurvival stem cell factor. In addition, adiponectin provides a specific protection against anoikis, the apoptotic death due to lack of anchorage to extracellular matrix, suggesting a key protective role for these nonresident stem cells after systemic injection. Finally, adiponectin behaves as a chemoattractive factor toward mature myotubes and stimulates their differentiation toward the skeletal muscle lineage, serving as a positive regulator in mesoangioblast homing to injured or diseased muscles. We conclude that adiponectin exerts several advantageous effects on mesoangioblasts, potentially valuable to improve their efficacy in cell based therapies of diseased muscles.read more
Citations
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Anoikis: an emerging hallmark in health and diseases
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to analyse the molecular mechanisms governing both anoikis and anoIKis resistance, focusing on their regulation in physiological processes, as well as in several diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
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Adiponectin action in skeletal muscle
Ying Liu,Gary Sweeney +1 more
TL;DR: In summary, adiponectin acting in an autocrine and endocrine manner has important metabolic and insulin sensitizing effects on skeletal muscle which contribute to the overall anti-diabetic outcome of adiponECTin action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adiponectin action: a combination of endocrine and autocrine/paracrine effects.
TL;DR: regulation of adiponectin production, its mechanism of action via receptor isoforms and signaling pathways, and its principal physiological effects (i.e., metabolic and cardiovascular) are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adiponectin—Consideration for its Role in Skeletal Muscle Health
TL;DR: The role of adiponectin signaling in skeletal muscle has expanded beyond that of a metabolic regulator to include several aspects of skeletal muscle function and maintenance critical to muscle health, many of which are responsive to, and mediated by, physical exercise.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adiponectin as a tissue regenerating hormone: more than a metabolic function
TL;DR: The role of adiponectin in tissue regeneration, mainly referring to skeletal muscle regeneration, is dealt with, a process in which adip onectin is deeply involved and increases proliferation, migration and myogenic properties of both resident stem cells and non-resident muscle precursors.
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