Journal ArticleDOI
LTP promotes formation of multiple spine synapses between a single axon terminal and a dendrite
TLDR
In this paper, the morphology of synapses activated by high-frequency stimulation and identified by accumulated calcium in dendritic spines was analyzed using electron microscopy to identify the formation of new synapses contacting the same presynaptic terminal.Abstract:
Structural remodelling of synapses and formation of new synaptic contacts has been postulated as a possible mechanism underlying the late phase of long-term potentiation (LTP), a form of plasticity which is involved in learning and memory Here we use electron microscopy to analyse the morphology of synapses activated by high-frequency stimulation and identified by accumulated calcium in dendritic spines LTP induction resulted in a sequence of morphological changes consisting of a transient remodelling of the postsynaptic membrane followed by a marked increase in the proportion of axon terminals contacting two or more dendritic spines Three-dimensional reconstruction revealed that these spines arose from the same dendrite As pharmacological blockade of LTP prevented these morphological changes, we conclude that LTP is associated with the formation of new, mature and probably functional synapses contacting the same presynaptic terminal and thereby duplicating activated synapsesread more
Citations
More filters
Dissertation
Theta burst stimulation of human cortex.
TL;DR: Novel methods of conditioning the brain in conscious humans using rTMS which can swiftly produce powerful and controllable long-term changes in the excitability of cortical circuits are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differentiation of spinous synapses in the mouse organ of corti.
TL;DR: It is proposed that spinous synapses provide the morphological substrate for local processing of initial auditory signals within the cochlea, and this process continues in the adult, indicating ongoing synaptogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The essence of the engram: Cellular or synaptic?
TL;DR: A review of recent findings on cellular engrams with a focus on different phases of memory, and discuss the distinct molecular mechanism required for cellular and synaptic engrams is presented in this paper .
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of organelles within the nervous system: impact on brain and organelle functions.
TL;DR: Recent data on the analysis of brain-derived organelles and subproteomes, including presynaptic termini, synaptic vesicles, neuronal plasma membranes, postsynaptic density and neuromelanin granules, are reviewed, which were identified as novel lysosome-related organlles within the human brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
The essence of the engram: Cellular or synaptic?
TL;DR: A review of recent findings on cellular engrams with a focus on different phases of memory, and discuss the distinct molecular mechanism required for cellular and synaptic engrams is presented in this article.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus
TL;DR: The best understood form of long-term potentiation is induced by the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complex, which allows electrical events at the postsynaptic membrane to be transduced into chemical signals which, in turn, are thought to activate both pre- and post Synaptic mechanisms to generate a persistent increase in synaptic strength.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring the Metabolic and Genetic Control of Gene Expression on a Genomic Scale
TL;DR: DNA microarrays containing virtually every gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used to carry out a comprehensive investigation of the temporal program of gene expression accompanying the metabolic shift from fermentation to respiration, and the expression patterns of many previously uncharacterized genes provided clues to their possible functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
A simple method for organotypic cultures of nervous tissue
TL;DR: Hippocampal slices prepared from 2-23-day-old neonates were maintained in culture at the interface between air and a culture medium and yielded thin slices which remain 1-4 cell layers thick and are characterized by a well preserved organotypic organization.
Journal ArticleDOI
The unbiased estimation of number and sizes of arbitrary particles using the disector
TL;DR: A three‐dimensional counting rule and its integral test system, the disector, for obtaining unbiased estimates of the number of arbitrary particles in a specimen is presented.
PatentDOI
Dissecting the regulatory circuitry of a eukaryotic genome
TL;DR: The results reveal an unanticipated level of regulation which is superimposed on that due to gene-specific transcription factors, a novel mechanism for coordinate regulation of specific sets of genes when cells encounter limiting nutrients, and evidence that the ultimate targets of signal transduction pathways can be identified within the initiation apparatus.
Related Papers (5)
Dendritic spine changes associated with hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity
Florian Engert,Tobias Bonhoeffer +1 more