Journal ArticleDOI
Propionate as a health-promoting microbial metabolite in the human gut.
TLDR
The present review discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to producepropionate and evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionates.Abstract:
Propionate is a major microbial fermentation metabolite in the human gut with putative health effects that extend beyond the gut epithelium. Propionate is thought to lower lipogenesis, serum cholesterol levels, and carcinogenesis in other tissues. Steering microbial propionate production through diet could therefore be a potent strategy to increase health effects from microbial carbohydrate fermentation. The present review first discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to produce propionate. Second, it evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionate. Third, given the complexity of the gut microbiota, propionate production is approached from a microbial-ecological perspective that includes interaction processes such as cross-feeding mechanisms. Finally, it introduces the development of functional gene-based analytical tools to detect and characterize propionate-producing microorganisms in a complex community. The information in this review may be helpful for designing functional food strategies that aim to promote propionate-associated health benefits.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Probiotics and prebiotics in intestinal health and disease: from biology to the clinic
TL;DR: Gut-derived effects in humans is described, a review of current understanding of probiotics and prebiotics as a means to manage the microbiota to improve host health, including mechanisms of actions and potential for clinical use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic distribution of three pathways for propionate production within the human gut microbiota
Nicole Reichardt,Sylvia H. Duncan,Pauline Young,Álvaro Belenguer,Carol McWilliam Leitch,Karen P. Scott,Harry J. Flint,Petra Louis +7 more
TL;DR: A better understanding of the microbial ecology of short-chain fatty acid formation may allow modulation of propionate formation by the human gut microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parabacteroides distasonis Alleviates Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunctions via Production of Succinate and Secondary Bile Acids
Kai Wang,Mingfang Liao,Nan Zhou,Li Bao,Ke Ma,Zhongyong Zheng,Yu-Jing Wang,Chang Liu,Wenzhao Wang,Jun Wang,Shuang-Jiang Liu,Hongwei Liu +11 more
TL;DR: The metabolic benefits of Parabacteroides distasonis (PD) on decreasing weight gain, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis in ob/ob and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice is demonstrated and succinate and secondary bile acids produced by P. distasonis played key roles in the modulation of host metabolism.
Journal ArticleDOI
What do drug transporters really do
TL;DR: Evidence is discussed for the roles of ABC and SLC transporters in the handling of diverse substrates, including metabolites, antioxidants, signalling molecules, hormones, nutrients and neurotransmitters, which may help to clarify disease mechanisms, drug–metabolite interactions and drug effects relevant to diabetes, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, gout, liver disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, inflammatory syndromes and organ injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbiota of Breast Tissue and Its Association with Breast Cancer.
Camilla Urbaniak,Gregory B. Gloor,Muriel Brackstone,Leslie Scott,Mark Tangney,Gregor Reid,Gregor Reid +6 more
TL;DR: Different bacterial profiles in breast tissue exist between healthy women and those with breast cancer, and higher relative abundances of bacteria that had the ability to cause DNA damage in vitro were detected in breast cancer patients, as was a decrease in some lactic acid bacteria known for their beneficial health effects, including anticarcinogenic properties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
d-Tagatose Has Low Small Intestinal Digestibility but High Large Intestinal Fermentability in Pigs
TL;DR: D-Tagatose served as a substrate for the microbiota in the cecum and proximal colon as indicated by a reduced pH, and a greater ATP concentration, adenylate energy charge (AEC) ratio and concentration of short-chain fatty acids, and the increase in the concentrations of propionate, butyrate and valerate suggests possible health benefits of this monosaccharide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanism of propionate formation by Selenomonas ruminantium, a rumen micro-organism.
M. J. B. Paynter,S. R. Elsden +1 more
TL;DR: The results are consistent with propionate being formed by the ‘succinate’ pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Different Substrates and Methane Producing Status Affect Short-Chain Fatty Acid Profiles Produced by In Vitro Fermentation of Human Feces
TL;DR: It is concluded that differences exist in the fermentation patterns of lactulose, rhamnose, cornstarch, guar and ileostomy effluent, and methane producing status may influence fermentation patterns only of substrates that are largely fermented to acetate and not others.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanism of Propionic Acid Formation by Propionibacterium pentosaceum.
TL;DR: Data is presented which demonstrate that succinic acid can be decarboxylated at a rate which can account for all of the propionic acid produced from pyruvic acid under similar conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fatal Propionic Acidemia in Mice Lacking Propionyl-CoA Carboxylase and Its Rescue by Postnatal, Liver-specific Supplementation via a Transgene
Toru Miyazaki,Toshihiro Ohura,Makio Kobayashi,Yosuke Shigematsu,Seiji Yamaguchi,Yoichi Suzuki,Ikue Hata,Yoko Aoki,Xue Yang,Christina Minjares,Ikuko Haruta,Hirofumi Uto,Yuriko Ito,Urs Müller +13 more
TL;DR: Interestingly, SAP+PCCA−/− mice, in which the transgene expression increased after the late infant period, continued to grow normally while mice harboring a persistent low level of PCC died in theLate infant period due to severe ketoacidosis, clearly suggesting the requirement of increased PCC supplementation in proportion to the animal growth.
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