Journal ArticleDOI
Propionate as a health-promoting microbial metabolite in the human gut.
TLDR
The present review discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to producepropionate and evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionates.Abstract:
Propionate is a major microbial fermentation metabolite in the human gut with putative health effects that extend beyond the gut epithelium. Propionate is thought to lower lipogenesis, serum cholesterol levels, and carcinogenesis in other tissues. Steering microbial propionate production through diet could therefore be a potent strategy to increase health effects from microbial carbohydrate fermentation. The present review first discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to produce propionate. Second, it evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionate. Third, given the complexity of the gut microbiota, propionate production is approached from a microbial-ecological perspective that includes interaction processes such as cross-feeding mechanisms. Finally, it introduces the development of functional gene-based analytical tools to detect and characterize propionate-producing microorganisms in a complex community. The information in this review may be helpful for designing functional food strategies that aim to promote propionate-associated health benefits.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Safety of Novel Microbes for Human Consumption: Practical Examples of Assessment in the European Union.
Theodor Brodmann,Akihito Endo,Miguel Gueimonde,Gabriel Vinderola,Wolfgang Kneifel,Willem M. de Vos,Willem M. de Vos,Seppo Salminen,Carlos Gómez-Gallego +8 more
TL;DR: Each candidate's safety evaluation for novel food or novel food ingredient approval according to European Union regulations is discussed, including their beneficial properties, antibiotic resistance profiling, history of safe use, publication of the genomic sequence, toxicological studies in agreement with novel food regulations, and the qualified presumptions of safety.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of alive probiotic on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients: Randomized clinical trial.
Nazarii Kobyliak,Tetyana Falalyeyeva,Galyna Mykhalchyshyn,Dmytro Kyriienko,Iuliia Komissarenko +4 more
TL;DR: Probiotic therapies modestly improved insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes and from markers of chronic systemic inflammatory state only TNF-α and IL-1β changes significantly after treatment with probiotics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulated Digestion and Fermentation in Vitro by Human Gut Microbiota of Polysaccharides from Bee Collected Pollen of Chinese Wolfberry
Wangting Zhou,Yamei Yan,Jia Mi,Hongcheng Zhang,Lu Lu,Qing Luo,Li Xiaoying,Xiaoxiong Zeng,Youlong Cao +8 more
TL;DR: Investigation of digestion and fermentation in vitro of polysaccharides from bee collected pollen of Chinese wolfberry revealed that WBPPS could significantly enhance the production of short-chain fatty acids and modulate gut microbiota composition via increasing the relative abundances of genera Prevotella, Dialister, Megamonas, Faecalibacterium, and Alloprevotella.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolomic insights into the intricate gut microbial–host interaction in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes
Magali Palau-Rodriguez,Sara Tulipani,Sara Tulipani,María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño,María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño,Mireia Urpi-Sarda,Francisco J. Tinahones,Francisco J. Tinahones,Cristina Andres-Lacueva +8 more
TL;DR: The data-driven results largely confirmed findings independently obtained from in vitro and animal model studies, putting forward the mechanisms underlying the implication of a dysfunctional gut microbiota in the development of metabolic disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, the Gut Microbiome, and Diet
TL;DR: Diet, which can modulate the gut microbiome and several metabolic pathways involved in NAFLD development, shows a potential tripartite relation between the gut, diet, and the liver.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Modulation of the Human Colonic Microbiota: Introducing the Concept of Prebiotics
TL;DR: By combining the rationale of pro- and prebiotics, the concept of synbiotics is proposed to characterize some colonic foods with interesting nutritional properties that make these compounds candidates for classification as health-enhancing functional food ingredients.
Journal ArticleDOI
The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Fredrik Bäckhed,Hao Ding,Hao Ding,Ting Wang,Lora V. Hooper,Gou Young Koh,Andras Nagy,Clay F. Semenkovich,Jeffrey I. Gordon +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that conventionalization of adult germ-free C57BL/6 mice with a normal microbiota harvested from the distal intestine (cecum) of conventionally raised animals produces a 60% increase in body fat content and insulin resistance within 14 days despite reduced food intake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Host-Bacterial Mutualism in the Human Intestine
TL;DR: New studies are revealing how the gut microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements the authors' biology in ways that are mutually beneficial.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites
TL;DR: Inhibition of the growth of metastases in secondary sites offers a promising approach for cancer therapy and could help to improve the treatment of metastatic disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut flora in health and disease
TL;DR: Gut flora might be an essential factor in certain pathological disorders, including multisystem organ failure, colon cancer, and inflammatory bowel diseases, and Probiotics and prebiotics are known to have a role in prevention or treatment of some diseases.
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