Journal ArticleDOI
Propionate as a health-promoting microbial metabolite in the human gut.
TLDR
The present review discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to producepropionate and evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionates.Abstract:
Propionate is a major microbial fermentation metabolite in the human gut with putative health effects that extend beyond the gut epithelium. Propionate is thought to lower lipogenesis, serum cholesterol levels, and carcinogenesis in other tissues. Steering microbial propionate production through diet could therefore be a potent strategy to increase health effects from microbial carbohydrate fermentation. The present review first discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to produce propionate. Second, it evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionate. Third, given the complexity of the gut microbiota, propionate production is approached from a microbial-ecological perspective that includes interaction processes such as cross-feeding mechanisms. Finally, it introduces the development of functional gene-based analytical tools to detect and characterize propionate-producing microorganisms in a complex community. The information in this review may be helpful for designing functional food strategies that aim to promote propionate-associated health benefits.read more
Citations
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Galactomannan from Trigonella foenum- graecum L. seed: Prebiotic application and its fermentation by the probiotic Bacillus coagulans strain MTCC 5856
Muhammed Majeed,Shaheen Majeed,Kalyanam Nagabhushanam,Sivakumar Arumugam,Sankaran Natarajan,Kirankumar Beede,Furqan Ali +6 more
TL;DR: This study provides the first scientific evidence of galactomannan from fenugreek seeds as a prebiotic that may play an important role in modulating gut flora by acting as substrate to beneficial microbes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Supplements for Improving Body Composition and Reducing Body Weight: Where Is the Evidence?
TL;DR: There is no strong research evidence indicating that a specific supplement will produce significant weight loss, especially in the long term, but some foods or supplements such as green tea, fiber, and calcium supplements or dairy products may complement a healthy lifestyle to produce small weight losses or prevent weight gain over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of diet on the human intestinal microbiota
TL;DR: This review summary and evaluation of the impact of diet on the composition and function of the human gut microbiota highlights the importance of understanding the role of diet in the establishment and composition of the microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder—Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications
Miguel A Ortega,Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon,C. García-Montero,Oscar Fraile-Martínez,Luis G. Guijarro,Guillermo Lahera,Jorge Monserrat,Paula Valls,Fernando Mora,Roberto Rodriguez-Jimenez,Javier Quintero,Melchor Alvarez-Mon +11 more
TL;DR: The main microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids -SCFAs-, bile acids, amino acids, tryptophan -trp- derivatives, and more), their signaling pathways and functions will be summarized to explain part of MDD pathophysiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial interaction between the succinate-utilizing bacterium Phascolarctobacterium faecium and the gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.
Nao Ikeyama,Takumi Murakami,Atsushi Toyoda,Hiroshi Mori,Takao Iino,Moriya Ohkuma,Mitsuo Sakamoto +6 more
TL;DR: Some survival strategies of asaccharolytic bacteria, such as Phascolarctobacterium spp.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Modulation of the Human Colonic Microbiota: Introducing the Concept of Prebiotics
TL;DR: By combining the rationale of pro- and prebiotics, the concept of synbiotics is proposed to characterize some colonic foods with interesting nutritional properties that make these compounds candidates for classification as health-enhancing functional food ingredients.
Journal ArticleDOI
The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Fredrik Bäckhed,Hao Ding,Hao Ding,Ting Wang,Lora V. Hooper,Gou Young Koh,Andras Nagy,Clay F. Semenkovich,Jeffrey I. Gordon +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that conventionalization of adult germ-free C57BL/6 mice with a normal microbiota harvested from the distal intestine (cecum) of conventionally raised animals produces a 60% increase in body fat content and insulin resistance within 14 days despite reduced food intake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Host-Bacterial Mutualism in the Human Intestine
TL;DR: New studies are revealing how the gut microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements the authors' biology in ways that are mutually beneficial.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites
TL;DR: Inhibition of the growth of metastases in secondary sites offers a promising approach for cancer therapy and could help to improve the treatment of metastatic disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut flora in health and disease
TL;DR: Gut flora might be an essential factor in certain pathological disorders, including multisystem organ failure, colon cancer, and inflammatory bowel diseases, and Probiotics and prebiotics are known to have a role in prevention or treatment of some diseases.
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