Journal ArticleDOI
Propionate as a health-promoting microbial metabolite in the human gut.
TLDR
The present review discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to producepropionate and evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionates.Abstract:
Propionate is a major microbial fermentation metabolite in the human gut with putative health effects that extend beyond the gut epithelium. Propionate is thought to lower lipogenesis, serum cholesterol levels, and carcinogenesis in other tissues. Steering microbial propionate production through diet could therefore be a potent strategy to increase health effects from microbial carbohydrate fermentation. The present review first discusses the two main propionate-production pathways and provides an extended gene-based list of microorganisms with the potential to produce propionate. Second, it evaluates the promising potential of arabinoxylan, polydextrose, and L-rhamnose to act as substrates to increase microbial propionate. Third, given the complexity of the gut microbiota, propionate production is approached from a microbial-ecological perspective that includes interaction processes such as cross-feeding mechanisms. Finally, it introduces the development of functional gene-based analytical tools to detect and characterize propionate-producing microorganisms in a complex community. The information in this review may be helpful for designing functional food strategies that aim to promote propionate-associated health benefits.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Probiotics and prebiotics in intestinal health and disease: from biology to the clinic
TL;DR: Gut-derived effects in humans is described, a review of current understanding of probiotics and prebiotics as a means to manage the microbiota to improve host health, including mechanisms of actions and potential for clinical use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogenetic distribution of three pathways for propionate production within the human gut microbiota
Nicole Reichardt,Sylvia H. Duncan,Pauline Young,Álvaro Belenguer,Carol McWilliam Leitch,Karen P. Scott,Harry J. Flint,Petra Louis +7 more
TL;DR: A better understanding of the microbial ecology of short-chain fatty acid formation may allow modulation of propionate formation by the human gut microbiota.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parabacteroides distasonis Alleviates Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunctions via Production of Succinate and Secondary Bile Acids
Kai Wang,Mingfang Liao,Nan Zhou,Li Bao,Ke Ma,Zhongyong Zheng,Yu-Jing Wang,Chang Liu,Wenzhao Wang,Jun Wang,Shuang-Jiang Liu,Hongwei Liu +11 more
TL;DR: The metabolic benefits of Parabacteroides distasonis (PD) on decreasing weight gain, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis in ob/ob and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice is demonstrated and succinate and secondary bile acids produced by P. distasonis played key roles in the modulation of host metabolism.
Journal ArticleDOI
What do drug transporters really do
TL;DR: Evidence is discussed for the roles of ABC and SLC transporters in the handling of diverse substrates, including metabolites, antioxidants, signalling molecules, hormones, nutrients and neurotransmitters, which may help to clarify disease mechanisms, drug–metabolite interactions and drug effects relevant to diabetes, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, gout, liver disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, inflammatory syndromes and organ injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Microbiota of Breast Tissue and Its Association with Breast Cancer.
Camilla Urbaniak,Gregory B. Gloor,Muriel Brackstone,Leslie Scott,Mark Tangney,Gregor Reid,Gregor Reid +6 more
TL;DR: Different bacterial profiles in breast tissue exist between healthy women and those with breast cancer, and higher relative abundances of bacteria that had the ability to cause DNA damage in vitro were detected in breast cancer patients, as was a decrease in some lactic acid bacteria known for their beneficial health effects, including anticarcinogenic properties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Inulin‐type fructans of longer degree of polymerization exert more pronounced in vitro prebiotic effects
TL;DR: This work assessed to what extent fructans of different degrees of polymerization (DP) differ in their prebiotic effectiveness towards in vitro microbial communities from the proximal and distal colon.
Journal ArticleDOI
High propionic acid fermentations and mineral accumulation in the cecum of rats adapted to different levels of inulin.
TL;DR: In conclusion, inulin seems very effective in promoting propionic fermentation and in enhancing the calcium content of the large intestine, however, high levels of inulin (greater than 10%) may affect growth in rats and lead to acidic cecal fermentation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of inulin and oligofructose on gastrointestinal peptides
TL;DR: The hypothesis that dietary inulin-type fructans could play a role in the management of obesity and diabetes through their capacity to promote secretion of endogenous gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation appears justified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resistant starch and “the butyrate revolution”
TL;DR: A suggestion put forward is that beneficial effects may be obtained in particular by the consumption of resistant starch (RS) because of the high yield of butyrate and propionate when fermented, which are the prime substrates for the energy metabolism in the colonocyte and they act as growth factors to the healthy epithelium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Colonic Sulfide in Pathogenesis and Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
TL;DR: Control of sulfidogenesis and sulfide detoxification maybe important in the disease process of UC, although whether their roles is in an initiating or promoting capacity has yet to be determined.
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