Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination II: Curating the interstellar dust collector, picokeystones, and sources of impact tracks
D. Frank,Andrew J. Westphal,Michael E. Zolensky,Zack Gainsforth,Anna L. Butterworth,Ron K. Bastien,Carlton Allen,David Anderson,Asna Ansari,Saša Bajt,Nabil Bassim,Hans A. Bechtel,Janet Borg,Frank E. Brenker,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,George J. Flynn,Eberhard Grün,Philipp R. Heck,Jon K. Hillier,Peter Hoppe,Bruce Hudson,Joachim Huth,Brit Hvide,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ariel Leonard,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Larry R. Nittler,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Ja Ong,Frank Postberg,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Geert Silversmit,Alexandre Simionovici,Vicente A. Solé,Ralf Srama,Thomas Stephan,Veerle Sterken,Veerle Sterken,Julien Stodolna,Rhonda M. Stroud,Steven Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Akira Tsuchiyama,Tolek Tyliszczak,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Joshua Von Korff,Naomi Wordsworth,Daniel Zevin +68 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors discuss the inherent difficulties that arise during "ground truth" characterization of the Stardust interstellar dust collector, and provide a detailed description of the sample preparation techniques developed to address the unique goals and restrictions of the Interstellar Preliminary Exam.Abstract:
We discuss the inherent difficulties that arise during "ground truth" characterization of the Stardust interstellar dust collector. The challenge of identifying contemporary interstellar dust impact tracks in aerogel is described within the context of background spacecraft secondaries and possible interplanetary dust particles and beta-meteoroids. In addition, the extraction of microscopic dust embedded in aerogel is technically challenging. Specifically, we provide a detailed description of the sample preparation techniques developed to address the unique goals and restrictions of the Interstellar Preliminary Exam. These sample preparation requirements and the scarcity of candidate interstellar impact tracks exacerbate the difficulties. We also illustrate the role of initial optical imaging with critically important examples, and summarize the overall processing of the collection to date.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for interstellar origin of seven dust particles collected by the Stardust spacecraft
Andrew J. Westphal,Rhonda M. Stroud,Hans A. Bechtel,Frank E. Brenker,Anna L. Butterworth,George J. Flynn,D. Frank,Zack Gainsforth,Jon K. Hillier,Frank Postberg,Alexandre Simionovici,Veerle Sterken,Larry R. Nittler,Carlton Allen,Dustin Anderson,Asna Ansari,Saša Bajt,Ron K. Bastien,Nabil Bassim,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,Eberhard Grün,Philipp R. Heck,Peter Hoppe,Bruce Hudson,Joachim Huth,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Ariel Leonard,Hugues Leroux,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Jia Ong,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Kate Schreiber,Geert Silversmit,Vicente A. Solé,Ralf Srama,Frank J. Stadermann,Thomas Stephan,Julien Stodolna,Stephen R. Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Tolek Tyliszczak,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Joshua Von Korff,Naomi Wordsworth,Daniel Zevin,Michael E. Zolensky +65 more
TL;DR: The Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector captured seven particles and returned to Earth for laboratory analysis have features consistent with an origin in the contemporary interstellar dust stream and more than 50 spacecraft debris particles were also identified as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Stardust Mission: Analyzing Samples from the Edge of the Solar System
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the cold regions of the early Solar System were not isolated and were not a refuge where interstellar materials could commonly survive, and that the rocky components in primitive asteroids and comets may differ because asteroid formation was dominated by local materials, whereas comets formed from mixed materials, many of which were transported from very distant locations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination X: Impact speeds and directions of interstellar grains on the Stardust dust collector
Veerle Sterken,Veerle Sterken,Andrew J. Westphal,Nicolas Altobelli,Eberhard Grün,Jon K. Hillier,Frank Postberg,Ralf Srama,Carlton Allen,David Anderson,Asna Ansari,Saša Bajt,R. Bastien,Nabil Bassim,Hans A. Bechtel,Janet Borg,Frank E. Brenker,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Anna L. Butterworth,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,George J. Flynn,D. Frank,Zack Gainsforth,Philipp R. Heck,Peter Hoppe,Bruce Hudson,Joachim Huth,Brit Hvide,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ariel Leonard,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Larry R. Nittler,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Ja Ong,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Geert Silversmit,Alexandre Simionovici,Vicente A. Solé,Thomas Stephan,Julien Stodolna,Rhonda M. Stroud,Steven Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Akira Tsuchiyama,Tolek Tyliszczak,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Joshua Von Korff,Naomi Wordsworth,Daniel Zevin,Michael E. Zolensky +68 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the trajectories of ISD in the solar system and the distribution of the impact speeds, directions, and flux of the ISD particles on the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector during the two collection periods of the mission were predicted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Concerns of Organic Contamination for Sample Return Space Missions
TL;DR: An overview of the successes and lessons learned with regards to the identification of indigenous organic matter of the returned samples vs terrestrial contamination is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination IV: Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy analyses of impact features in the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector
Anna L. Butterworth,Andrew J. Westphal,Tolek Tyliszczak,Zack Gainsforth,Julien Stodolna,D. Frank,Carlton Allen,David Anderson,Asna Ansari,Saša Bajt,Ron K. Bastien,Nabil Bassim,Hans A. Bechtel,Janet Borg,Frank E. Brenker,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,George J. Flynn,Eberhard Grün,Philipp R. Heck,Jon K. Hillier,Peter Hoppe,Bruce Hudson,Joachim Huth,Brit Hvide,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ariel Leonard,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Larry R. Nittler,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Ja Ong,Frank Postberg,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Geert Silversmit,Alexandre Simionovici,Vicente A. Solé,Ralf Srama,Frank J. Stadermann,Thomas Stephan,Veerle Sterken,Veerle Sterken,Veerle Sterken,Rhonda M. Stroud,Steven Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Akira Tsuchiyama,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Joshua Von Korff,Naomi Wordsworth,Daniel Zevin,Michael E. Zolensky +69 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the quantitative characterization by synchrotron soft X-ray spectroscopy of 31 potential impact features in the aerogel capture medium of the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A unified representation of gas-phase element depletions in the interstellar medium*
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of gas-phase element abundances reported in the literature for 17 different elements sampled over 243 sight lines in the local part of our Galaxy reveals that the depletions into solid form (dust grains) are extremely well characterized by trends that employ only three kinds of parameters: an index that describes the overall level of depletion applicable to the gas in any particular sight line, and linear coefficients that describe how to derive each element's depletion from this sight-line parameter.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Unified Representation of Gas-Phase Element Depletions in the Interstellar Medium
TL;DR: In this article, a study of gas-phase element abundances reported in the literature for 17 different elements sampled over 243 sight lines in the local part of our Galaxy reveals that the depletions into solid form (dust grains) are extremely well characterized by trends that employ only three kinds of parameters: an index that describes the overall level of depletion applicable to the gas in any particular sight line, and linear coefficients that describe how to derive each element's depletion from this sight-line parameter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cometary origin of the zodiacal cloud and carbonaceous micrometeorites. implications for hot debris disks
David Nesvorný,David Nesvorný,Peter Jenniskens,Harold F. Levison,Harold F. Levison,William F. Bottke,William F. Bottke,David Vokrouhlický,Matthieu Gounelle +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a zodiacal cloud model based on the orbital properties and lifetimes of comets and asteroids, and on the dynamical evolution of dust after ejection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cometary Origin of the Zodiacal Cloud and Carbonaceous Micrometeorites
TL;DR: In this article, a model based on the orbital properties and lifetimes of comets and asteroids, and on the dynamical evolution of dust after ejection was presented to predict the formation of the zodiacal cloud.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dust in the local interstellar wind
Priscilla C. Frisch,J. Dorschner,Johannes Geiss,J. Mayo Greenberg,Eberhard Grün,Markus Landgraf,Peter Hoppe,Anthony P. Jones,Wolfgang Krätschmer,Timur Linde,Timur Linde,Gregor E. Morfill,William T. Reach,Jonathan D. Slavin,J. Svestka,Adolf N. Witt,Gary P. Zank +16 more
TL;DR: In this article, the gas-to-dust mass ratio for the cloud surrounding the solar system was derived by combining spectroscopic observations of the gas phase abundances in the nearest interstellar clouds.
Related Papers (5)
Final reports of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination
Andrew J. Westphal,Hans A. Bechtel,Frank E. Brenker,Anna L. Butterworth,George J. Flynn,D. Frank,Zack Gainsforth,Jon K. Hillier,Frank Postberg,Alexandre Simionovici,Veerle Sterken,Veerle Sterken,Veerle Sterken,Rhonda M. Stroud,Carlton Allen,David Anderson,Asna Ansari,Saša Bajt,Ron K. Bastien,Nabil Bassim,Janet Borg,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,Eberhard Grün,Philipp R. Heck,Peter Hoppe,Bruce Hudson,Joachim Huth,Brit Hvide,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ariel Leonard,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Larry R. Nittler,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Ja Ong,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Geert Silversmit,Vicente A. Solé,Ralf Srama,Frank J. Stadermann,Thomas Stephan,Julien Stodolna,Steven Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Akira Tsuchiyama,Tolek Tyliszczak,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Joshua Von Korff,Naomi Wordsworth,Daniel Zevin,Michael E. Zolensky +69 more
Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination I: Identification of tracks in aerogel
Andrew J. Westphal,David Anderson,Anna L. Butterworth,D. Frank,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Joshua Von Korff,Daniel Zevin,Augusto Ardizzone,Antonella Campanile,Michael Capraro,Kevin Courtney,Mitchell N. Criswell Iii,Dixon Crumpler,Robert Cwik,Fred Jacob Gray,Bruce Hudson,Guy Imada,Joel Karr,Lily Lau Wan Wah,Michele Mazzucato,Pier Giorgio Motta,Carlo Rigamonti,Ronald C. Spencer,Stephens B. Woodrough,Irene Cimmino Santoni,Gerry Sperry,Jean-Noel Terry,Naomi Wordsworth,Tom Yahnke Sr.,Carlton Allen,Asna Ansari,Saša Bajt,Ron K. Bastien,Nabil Bassim,Hans A. Bechtel,Janet Borg,Frank E. Brenker,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,George J. Flynn,Zack Gainsforth,Eberhard Grün,Philipp R. Heck,Jon K. Hillier,Peter Hoppe,Joachim Huth,Brit Hvide,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ariel Leonard,Larry R. Nittler,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Ja Ong,Frank Postberg,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Geert Silversmit,Alexandre Simionovici,Vicente A. Solé,Ralf Srama,Thomas Stephan,Veerle Sterken,Julien Stodolna,Rhonda M. Stroud,Steven Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Akira Tsuchiyama,Tolek Tyliszczak,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Michael E. Zolensky +86 more
Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination XI: Identification and elemental analysis of impact craters on Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector
Rhonda M. Stroud,Carlton Allen,Asna Ansari,David Anderson,Saša Bajt,Nabil Bassim,R. Bastien,Hans A. Bechtel,Janet Borg,Frank E. Brenker,John Bridges,Donald E. Brownlee,Mark J. Burchell,Manfred Burghammer,Anna L. Butterworth,Hitesh Changela,Hitesh Changela,Peter Cloetens,Andrew M. Davis,Ryan Doll,Christine Floss,George J. Flynn,D. Frank,Zack Gainsforth,Eberhard Grün,Philipp R. Heck,Jon K. Hillier,Peter Hoppe,Joachim Huth,Brit Hvide,Anton T. Kearsley,Ashley J. King,Paul G. Kotula,Barry Lai,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ariel Leonard,R. Lettieri,William Marchant,Larry R. Nittler,Ryan C. Ogliore,Wei Jia Ong,Frank Postberg,Mark C. Price,Scott A. Sandford,Juan-Angel Sans Tresseras,Sylvia Schmitz,Tom Schoonjans,Kate Schreiber,Geert Silversmit,Alexandre Simionovici,Vicente A. Solé,Ralf Srama,Ralf Srama,Thomas Stephan,Veerle Sterken,Julien Stodolna,Steven Sutton,Mario Trieloff,Peter Tsou,Akira Tsuchiyama,Tolek Tyliszczak,Bart Vekemans,Laszlo Vincze,Andrew J. Westphal,Joshua Von Korff,Daniel Zevin,Michael E. Zolensky +68 more
Comet 81P/Wild 2 under a microscope.
Donald E. Brownlee,Peter Tsou,Jérôme Aléon,Conel M. O'd. Alexander,Tohru Araki,Saša Bajt,G. A. Baratta,Ron K. Bastien,Phil Bland,Phil Bland,Pierre Bleuet,Janet Borg,John P. Bradley,Adrian J. Brearley,Frank E. Brenker,Sean Brennan,John Bridges,Nigel D. Browning,Nigel D. Browning,John Robert Brucato,Emma S. Bullock,Mark J. Burchell,Henner Busemann,Anna L. Butterworth,Marc Chaussidon,Allan Cheuvront,Miaofang Chi,Mark J. Cintala,Benton C. Clark,Simon J. Clemett,George D. Cody,Luigi Colangeli,George Cooper,Patrick Cordier,Charles P. Daghlian,Zu Rong Dai,Louis Le Sergeant d'Hendecourt,Zahia Djouadi,Gerardo Dominguez,Tom Duxbury,Jason P. Dworkin,Denton S. Ebel,Thanasis E. Economou,Sirine C. Fakra,Sam A. J. Fairey,Stewart Fallon,G. Ferrini,T. Ferroir,Holger Fleckenstein,Christine Floss,George J. Flynn,Ian A. Franchi,Marc Fries,Zack Gainsforth,J-P Gallien,M. J. Genge,Mary K. Gilles,Philipe Gillet,Jamie Gilmour,Daniel P. Glavin,Matthieu Gounelle,Monica M. Grady,Giles A. Graham,Patrick G. Grant,Simon F. Green,F. Grossemy,Lawrence Grossman,Jeffrey N. Grossman,Yunbin Guan,Kenji Hagiya,Ralph P. Harvey,Philipp R. Heck,Gregory F. Herzog,Peter Hoppe,Friedrich Hörz,Joachim Huth,Ian D. Hutcheon,Konstantin Ignatyev,Hope A. Ishii,Motoo Ito,Damien Jacob,Chris Jacobsen,Stein B. Jacobsen,Steven Jones,David J. Joswiak,A. J. G. Jurewicz,Anton T. Kearsley,Lindsay P. Keller,H Khodja,A. L. David Kilcoyne,Jochen Kissel,Alexander N. Krot,Falko Langenhorst,Antonio Lanzirotti,Loan Le,Laurie A. Leshin,Jan Leitner,Laurence Lemelle,Hugues Leroux,Ming-Chang Liu,K. Luening,Ian C. Lyon,G. J. MacPherson,Matthew A. Marcus,Kuljeet K. Marhas,Bernard Marty,Graciela Matrajt,Kevin D. McKeegan,Anders Meibom,Vito Mennella,Keiko Messenger,Scott Messenger,Takashi Mikouchi,Smail Mostefaoui,Tomoki Nakamura,T Nakano,Matthew Newville,Larry R. Nittler,Ichiro Ohnishi,Kazumasa Ohsumi,Kyoko Okudaira,D. A. Papanastassiou,Russ Palma,Russ Palma,Maria Elisabetta Palumbo,Robert O. Pepin,David Perkins,Murielle C. Perronnet,Piero Pianetta,William Rao,Frans J. M. Rietmeijer,François Robert,Detlef Rost,Alessandra Rotundi,R. E. Ryan,Scott A. Sandford,Craig S. Schwandt,Thomas H. See,D. J. Schlutter,J. Sheffield-Parker,Alexandre Simionovici,Steven B. Simon,I Sitnitsky,Christopher J. Snead,Maegan K. Spencer,Frank J. Stadermann,Andrew Steele,Thomas Stephan,Rhonda M. Stroud,Jean Susini,Stephen R. Sutton,Y Suzuki,Mitra L. Taheri,Susan Taylor,Nick Teslich,Kazu Tomeoka,Naotaka Tomioka,Alice Toppani,Josep M. Trigo-Rodríguez,David Troadec,Akira Tsuchiyama,Anthony J. Tuzzolino,Tolek Tyliszczak,Kentaro Uesugi,Michael A. Velbel,Joe Vellenga,Edward P. Vicenzi,Laszlo Vincze,J. Warren,Iris Weber,M. K. Weisberg,Andrew J. Westphal,Sue Wirick,Diane H. Wooden,Brigitte Wopenka,Penelope J. Wozniakiewicz,Ian Wright,Hikaru Yabuta,Hajime Yano,Edward D. Young,Richard N. Zare,Thomas J. Zega,Karen Ziegler,Laurent Zimmerman,Ernst Zinner,Michael E. Zolensky +185 more