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The theory of transformations in metals and alloys

J.W. Christian, +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a general introduction to the theory of transformation kinetics of real metals, including the formation and evolution of martensitic transformations, as well as a theory of dislocations.
Abstract
Part I General introduction. Formal geometry of crystal lattices. The theory of reaction rates. The thermodynamics of irreversable processes. The structure of real metals. Solids solutions. The theory of dislocations. Polycrystalline aggregates. Diffusion in the solid state. The classical theory of nucleation. Theory of thermally activated growth. Formal theory of transformation kinetics. Part II Growth from the vapour phase. Solidification and melting. Polymorphic Changes. Precipitation from supersaturated solid solution. Eutectoidal transformations. Order-disorder transformations. Recovery recrystalisation and grain growth. Deformation twinning. Characteristics of martensic transformations. Crystallography of martensitic transformations. Kinetics of martensitic transformations. Rapid solidification. Bainite steels. Shape memory alloys.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Crystallography of β1 → γ′1 stress-induced martensitic transformation in a CuAlNi alloy

TL;DR: In this article, the lattice invariant shear was determined directly to be 〈111〉γ′1 Type II twinning, which is conjugate to {121}γ-γ-1 Type I twinning.
Journal ArticleDOI

The crystallographic analysis of grain-boundary precipitation

TL;DR: In this article, a method for the crystallographic analysis of nucleation and growth transformations, in particular grain-boundary precipitation, is proposed, based upon a certain model for the nucleation process, in which it is assumed that one plane and one direction in this plane do not rotate.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nanocrystallization of NiTi shape memory alloys made amorphous by high-pressure torsion

TL;DR: In this article, high-pressure torsion (HPT) was used to enhance shape memory properties of NiTi nanocrystallization in the presence of high pressure torsions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Modelling and characterisation of V4C3 precipitation and cementite dissolution during tempering of Fe-C-V martensitic steel

TL;DR: The precipitation and Ostwald ripening behavior of V4C3 particles during the tempering of a ternary Fe -C -V martensitic steel have been characterised and modelled, taking account of local equilibrium, the capillarity effect, and simultaneous cementite enrichment and dissolution as mentioned in this paper.