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The theory of transformations in metals and alloys

J.W. Christian, +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a general introduction to the theory of transformation kinetics of real metals, including the formation and evolution of martensitic transformations, as well as a theory of dislocations.
Abstract
Part I General introduction. Formal geometry of crystal lattices. The theory of reaction rates. The thermodynamics of irreversable processes. The structure of real metals. Solids solutions. The theory of dislocations. Polycrystalline aggregates. Diffusion in the solid state. The classical theory of nucleation. Theory of thermally activated growth. Formal theory of transformation kinetics. Part II Growth from the vapour phase. Solidification and melting. Polymorphic Changes. Precipitation from supersaturated solid solution. Eutectoidal transformations. Order-disorder transformations. Recovery recrystalisation and grain growth. Deformation twinning. Characteristics of martensic transformations. Crystallography of martensitic transformations. Kinetics of martensitic transformations. Rapid solidification. Bainite steels. Shape memory alloys.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Twinning Modes in Lattices

TL;DR: In this paper, the generalized theory of deformation twinning was applied to specific lattices and the resulting twinning modes described, and relations between modes in the seven crystal systems which arise from variants of the unit correspondence matrix were investigated.
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Kinetics of transformation for anisotropic particles including shielding effects

TL;DR: In this paper, a derivation for X(t), the transformed fraction as a function of time, in a phase transformation process which produces randomly oriented anisotropic particles is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI

A front-tracking model to predict solidification macrostructures and columnar to equiaxed transitions in alloy castings

TL;DR: In this article, a front-tracking method is proposed for modeling alloy castings that solidify with a dendritic structure, either columnar, equiaxed, or both.
Journal ArticleDOI

The kinetics of σ-phase precipitation in AISI310 and AISI316 steels

TL;DR: In this article, the rate of precipitation of σ-phase is shown to be a function of temperature mat, which is consistent with the Johnson-Mehl equation, and it is shown that σ phase precipitation is not a product of the temperature mat and temperature mat.
Journal ArticleDOI

On some limitations of the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov equation

TL;DR: In this article, the limitations of the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) equation for describing kinetics of phase transformation are demonstrated using probabilistic analysis and Monte Carlo simulations.