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The theory of transformations in metals and alloys

J.W. Christian, +1 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a general introduction to the theory of transformation kinetics of real metals, including the formation and evolution of martensitic transformations, as well as a theory of dislocations.
Abstract
Part I General introduction. Formal geometry of crystal lattices. The theory of reaction rates. The thermodynamics of irreversable processes. The structure of real metals. Solids solutions. The theory of dislocations. Polycrystalline aggregates. Diffusion in the solid state. The classical theory of nucleation. Theory of thermally activated growth. Formal theory of transformation kinetics. Part II Growth from the vapour phase. Solidification and melting. Polymorphic Changes. Precipitation from supersaturated solid solution. Eutectoidal transformations. Order-disorder transformations. Recovery recrystalisation and grain growth. Deformation twinning. Characteristics of martensic transformations. Crystallography of martensitic transformations. Kinetics of martensitic transformations. Rapid solidification. Bainite steels. Shape memory alloys.

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On the validity of Avrami formalism in primary crystallization

TL;DR: In this article, phase-field simulations are used to check the validity of different kinetic models for describing primary crystallization kinetics, and the results show that KJMA theory provides a good approximation to the soft impingement and nonrandom nucleation effects.
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Development of ZrFeV alloys for hybrid hydrogen storage system

TL;DR: In this article, Zr Fe V-based alloys were systematically investigated for the possible use in such kind of hybrid storage devices, and the results showed that the gravimetric density of the hybrid storage system combining a 35MPa high pressure tank with (Zr0.7Ti0.3)1.04Fe1.8V0.2 alloy is 1.95% when the volumetric density reaches 40 kg/m3.
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The effects of suppressed beta tin nucleation on the microstructural evolution of lead-free solder joints

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of inhibited β-Sn nucleation on microstructural development are discussed, employing the widely studied Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) alloy as a model system.
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The crystallization kinetics of glassy Pd0.775Cu0.06Si0.165

TL;DR: In this paper, the activation enthalpy for crystallization was observed to be (95 ± 5) kcal/mol, in good agreement with the activation entropy for viscous flow as determined previously by Chen.
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Martensitic behaviour in the equi-atomic Ni-Ti alloy

TL;DR: The martensite transformation in the equi-atomic Ni-Ti alloy has been studied in detail by transmission electron microscopy as discussed by the authors, where simple simple shears were used to convert the original lattice into two distinct close-packed monoclinic martensites.