Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to selected environmentally relevant test organisms and mammalian cells in vitro: a critical review
Olesja Bondarenko,Katre Juganson,Katre Juganson,Angela Ivask,Kaja Kasemets,Monika Mortimer,Monika Mortimer,Anne Kahru +7 more
TLDR
The toxic range of all the three metal-containing NPs to target- and non-target organisms overlaps, indicating that the leaching of biocidal NPs from consumer products should be addressed.Abstract:
Nanoparticles (NPs) of copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and especially nanosilver are intentionally used to fight the undesirable growth of bacteria, fungi and algae. Release of these NPs from consumer and household products into waste streams and further into the environment may, however, pose threat to the ‘non-target’ organisms, such as natural microbes and aquatic organisms. This review summarizes the recent research on (eco)toxicity of silver (Ag), CuO and ZnO NPs. Organism-wise it focuses on key test species used for the analysis of ecotoxicological hazard. For comparison, the toxic effects of studied NPs toward mammalian cells in vitro were addressed. Altogether 317 L(E)C50 or minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values were obtained for algae, crustaceans, fish, bacteria, yeast, nematodes, protozoa and mammalian cell lines. As a rule, crustaceans, algae and fish proved most sensitive to the studied NPs. The median L(E)C50 values of Ag NPs, CuO NPs and ZnO NPs (mg/L) were 0.01, 2.1 and 2.3 for crustaceans; 0.36, 2.8 and 0.08 for algae; and 1.36, 100 and 3.0 for fish, respectively. Surprisingly, the NPs were less toxic to bacteria than to aquatic organisms: the median MIC values for bacteria were 7.1, 200 and 500 mg/L for Ag, CuO and ZnO NPs, respectively. In comparison, the respective median L(E)C50 values for mammalian cells were 11.3, 25 and 43 mg/L. Thus, the toxic range of all the three metal-containing NPs to target- and non-target organisms overlaps, indicating that the leaching of biocidal NPs from consumer products should be addressed.read more
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Zinc phosphate-based nanoparticles as a novel antibacterial agent: in vivo study on rats after dietary exposure.
Pavel Horky,Sylvie Skalickova,Lenka Urbankova,Daria Baholet,Silvia Kociova,Zuzana Bytesnikova,Eliska Kabourkova,Zuzana Lackova,Zuzana Lackova,Natalia Cernei,Natalia Cernei,Milica Gagic,Vedran Milosavljevic,Vedran Milosavljevic,Vendula Smolikova,Vendula Smolikova,Eva Václavková,Pavel Nevrkla,Pavel Knot,Olga Krystofova,Olga Krystofova,David Hynek,David Hynek,Pavel Kopel,Pavel Kopel,Jiri Skladanka,Vojtech Adam,Vojtech Adam,Kristyna Smerkova,Kristyna Smerkova +29 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that phosphate-based zinc nanoparticles have the potential to act as antibiotic agents and reduce coliforms in rats based on dietary supplementation with zinc NPs.
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Profiling of the toxicity mechanisms of coated and uncoated silver nanoparticles to yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 using a set of its 9 single-gene deletion mutants defective in oxidative stress response, cell wall or membrane integrity and endocytosis.
TL;DR: Comparison of toxicity patterns of wt and mutant strains defective in OS defense and membrane integrity revealed that the toxicity of the studied AgNPs to S. cerevisiae was not caused by the OS or cell wall/membrane permeabilization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biocompatible citric acid‐coated iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance the activity of first‐line anti‐TB drugs in Mycobacterium smegmatis
TL;DR: CA-MNP in conjunction with either isoniazid or rifampicin displayed a synergistic effect in inhibiting bacterial growth, leading to a 2-fold reduction in the drug dosage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bactericidal efficacy of UV activated TiO2 nanoparticles against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on suspension
TL;DR: In this article, two different TiO2 nanoparticles, NM101 and NM105, were evaluated against a range of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactic acidophilus) and Gram-negative (Salmonella enterica var. Enteridis and Escherichia coli) bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantification of metal uptake in Spinacia oleracea irrigated with water containing a mixture of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles.
Divya Singh,Arun Kumar +1 more
TL;DR: The projected hazard quotient values for the intake of NPs by children was found to be greater than 1 indicating risks to children, and determination of the potential risk of consuming contaminated plants irrigated using nanoparticles containing wastewater is advised.
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