Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

About: Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology is a education organization based out in Topi, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Quantum efficiency. The organization has 618 authors who have published 940 publications receiving 10674 citations.

Synthesis, modeling and photovoltaic properties of a benzothiadiazole based molecule for dye-sensitized solar cells

Abstract: A benzothiadiazole based solution-processable organic dye D1 (N 4-Phenyl-N 4,N 7,N 7-tri{4-[(2-ethoxycarbonyl)-2-cyanovinyl]phenyl}benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diamine) was synthesized. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated based on D1 and a commercially available benzothiadiazole based RK1 dye. The photovoltaic parameters of these cells were studied under simulated AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW cm−2). The DSSC sensitized by RK1 dye provided a power conversion efficiency of 5.7 % with high values of short-circuit photocurrent density, open-circuit photovoltage, and fill factor. Under the same conditions, the cell sensitized with D1 dye showed a very poor performance due to the lower values of short-circuit photocurrent density and open-circuit photovoltage. In order to provide insight into poor performance of the DSSC sensitized by D1, molecular structure of D1 was analyzed by density functional theory. Its frontier orbitals were calculated to investigate effectiveness of charge transport and reasons of the poor performance. This computational study revealed that the photovoltaic performance of the benzothiadiazole based DSSCs can be enhanced significantly by inserting a phenyl ring between the benzothiadiazole unit and the anchoring group.

Realization of tunable artificial synapse and memory based on amorphous oxide semiconductor transistor

Abstract: Recently, advanced designs and materials emerge to study biologically inspired neuromorphic circuit, such as oxide semiconductor devices. The existence of mobile ions in the oxide semiconductors could be somewhat regarded to be similar with the case of the ions movements among the neurons and synapses in the brain. Most of the previous studies focus on the spike time, pulse number and material species: however, a quantitative modeling is still needed to study the voltage dependence of the relaxation process of synaptic devices. Here, the gate pulse stimulated currents of oxide semiconductor devices have been employed to mimic and investigate artificial synapses functions. The modeling for relaxation process of important synaptic behaviors, excitatory post-synaptic current (EPSC), has been updated as a stretched-exponential function with voltage factors in a more quantitative way. This quantitative modeling investigation of representative synaptic transmission bias impacts would help to better simulate, realize and thus control neuromorphic computing.

Prototyping of Artificial Respiration Machine Using AMBU Bag Compression

Abstract: Ventilators are crucial medical equipment. Mostly, they are used to support critically ill patients. Nowadays, more and more people are adopting sedentary lifestyles, this along with the severe pollution problem has caused a surge in the number of patients with pulmonary disorders. Hence, ventilators hold a prominent position in any healthcare system in the world. However, not every medical facility can afford a ventilator due to resource constraints. Keeping all this in mind, a low-cost ventilator has been prototyped by using the AMBU (Artificial Manual Breathing Unit) bag. This device is fully capable to perform all the functions of a normal ventilator and is much more cost effective than its contemporaries. Moreover, it is capable of adjusting the BPM. (Breaths Per Minute) of patients at the physicians desired level. In addition to this, the volume of the air delivered by this ventilator is adjustable. Similarly, the inspiration to expiration ratio and Peep rate can also be regulated. Hence, it makes the ventilator viable for patients of every age and category. This system comes with two modes. The first one involves mandatory ventilation while the second one is characterized by assisted ventilation. The physician can rely on either ventilator's inbuilt triggering mechanism which alters the respiration pattern once it detects a change in air pressure or can set a time interval for this alteration of the respiration pattern

Effect of lifestyle changes and consumption patterns on environmental impact: a comparison study of Pakistan and China

Abstract: Increased economic development and industrialization put strain on environment, hence causing pollution and destroying ecosystem. Generally, many different factors affect the environment. These fac...