Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

About: Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology is a education organization based out in Topi, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Quantum efficiency. The organization has 618 authors who have published 940 publications receiving 10674 citations.

Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of Jatropha Methyl Esters in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Abstract: Engine fueled with Jatropha biodiesel showed reduced nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons, and smoke emissions with a moderate increase in carbon monoxide emission at high loads. Increased by 16% fuel consumption at rated load was attributed to lesser by 10% heating value of biodiesel and decreased by 6% fuel conversion efficiency. Analysis of combustion characteristics revealed an earlier start of injection and shorter ignition delay of biodiesel. Resulting decrease in maximum rate of heat release and peak cylinder pressure was the main reason for reduced NOx emission. It was shown that cetane index determined by the ASTM D976 method is not a proper measure of the ignition quality of biodiesel.

A Lightweight Spectrum Occupancy and Service Time Model for Centralized Cognitive Radio Networks

Abstract: In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), secondary users (SUs) exploit the unused or sparsely used spectrum by primary users (PUs) without causing any harmful interference. Consequently, spectrum occupancy modeling appears as an essential task for CRN operations. In this paper, spectrum occupancy has been modeled using a queueing theory based approach in order to analyze the performance of CRNs in terms of network capacity, number of cognitive radio users waiting for service, and average waiting time. A compact model is presented for a CRN, where the queue adopted has variable service capacity and can be considered as a multi-service queue with server failure where each channel acts as a server. When a channel is occupied by a PU, it is regarded as a server failure for SUs. Using the probability generating function, the closed-form expressions of various performance parameters for different arrival distributions are derived. Numerical results for the remaining services for SUs, the expected number of SUs, and average waiting time as the CRN capacity, average service demands and average arrival rate vary, are illustrated.

Regional Development through Tourism in Balochistan under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

Abstract: Pakistan is a developing country with the potential to rise as a thriving tourism economy. Projects such as China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) are deemed to possess a greater potential in the ...