Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome
TLDR
The pathophysiology of adiponectin and adiponECTin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome is described and potential versatile therapeutic targets to combat obesity-linked diseases characterized by insulin resistance are described.Abstract:
Adiponectin is an adipokine that is specifically and abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and directly sensitizes the body to insulin. Hypoadiponectinemia, caused by interactions of genetic factors such as SNPs in the Adiponectin gene and environmental factors causing obesity, appears to play an important causal role in insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome, which are linked to obesity. The adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, which mediate the antidiabetic metabolic actions of adiponectin, have been cloned and are downregulated in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Upregulation of adiponectin is a partial cause of the insulin-sensitizing and antidiabetic actions of thiazolidinediones. Therefore, adiponectin and adiponectin receptors represent potential versatile therapeutic targets to combat obesity-linked diseases characterized by insulin resistance. This Review describes the pathophysiology of adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
TL;DR: In obese individuals, adipose tissue releases increased amounts of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, pro-inflammatory cytokines and other factors that are involved in the development of insulin resistance.
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Adipocytes as regulators of energy balance and glucose homeostasis
TL;DR: Adipocytes have been studied with increasing intensity as a result of the emergence of obesity as a serious public health problem and the realization that adipose tissue serves as an integrator of various physiological pathways as discussed by the authors.
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Obesity and Its Metabolic Complications: The Role of Adipokines and the Relationship between Obesity, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Dyslipidemia and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Un Ju Jung,Myung-Sook Choi +1 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on the role of several adipokines associated with obesity and the potential impact on obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Targeted disruption of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 causes abrogation of adiponectin binding and metabolic actions.
Toshimasa Yamauchi,Yasunori Nio,Toshiyuki Maki,Masaki Kobayashi,Takeshi Takazawa,Masato Iwabu,Miki Okada-Iwabu,Sachiko Kawamoto,Naoto Kubota,Tetsuya Kubota,Yusuke Ito,Junji Kamon,Atsushi Tsuchida,Katsuyoshi Kumagai,Hideki Kozono,Yusuke Hada,Hitomi Ogata,Kumpei Tokuyama,Masaki Tsunoda,Tomohiro Ide,Kouji Murakami,Motoharu Awazawa,Iseki Takamoto,Philippe Froguel,Kazuo Hara,Kazuyuki Tobe,Ryozo Nagai,Kohjiro Ueki,Takashi Kadowaki +28 more
TL;DR: Adenovirus-mediated expression of AdipoR1 and R2 in the liver of Lepr−/− mice increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α signaling pathways, respectively, and abolished adiponectin binding and actions, leading to insulin resistance and marked glucose intolerance in vivo.
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Adipokine dysregulation, adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic syndrome.
Eléonore Maury,Sonia Brichard +1 more
TL;DR: Targeting the changes in the cellular composition of adipose tissue, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and the altered production of adipokines may have therapeutic potential in the management of the metabolic syndrome.
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