Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates
TLDR
An overview of the main model components used in chronological analysis, their mathematical formulation, and examples of how such analyses can be performed using the latest version of the OxCal software (v4) are given.Abstract:
If radiocarbon measurements are to be used at all for chronological purposes, we have to use statistical methods for calibration. The most widely used method of calibration can be seen as a simple application of Bayesian statistics, which uses both the information from the new measurement and information from the 14C calibration curve. In most dating applications, however, we have larger numbers of 14C measurements and we wish to relate those to events in the past. Bayesian statistics provides a coherent framework in which such analysis can be performed and is becoming a core element in many 14C dating projects. This article gives an overview of the main model components used in chronological analysis, their mathematical formulation, and examples of how such analyses can be performed using the latest version of the OxCal software (v4). Many such models can be put together, in a modular fashion, from simple elements, with defined constraints and groupings. In other cases, the commonly used "uniform phase" models might not be appropriate, and ramped, exponential, or normal distributions of events might be more useful. When considering analyses of these kinds, it is useful to be able run simulations on synthetic data. Methods for performing such tests are discussed here along with other methods of diagnosing possible problems with statistical models of this kind.read more
Citations
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Ocean lead at the termination of the Younger Dryas cold spell.
Christof Pearce,Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz,Antoon Kuijpers,Guillaume Massé,Guillaume Massé,Njall F. Reynisson,Søren Kristiansen +6 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented for a gradual decrease of the Labrador Current influence, northward migration of the Gulf Stream oceanic front and a rapid decline of sea-ice cover at the YD termination using multi-proxy data from a high-resolution marine sediment record.
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Tephrochronology and absolute centennial scale synchronisation of European and Greenland records for the last glacial to interglacial transition: A case study of Soppensee and NGRIP
TL;DR: The tephrostratigraphy of Soppensee, Switzerland, is presented in this article for the first time, with new geochemical data for four tephra layers, derived from three volcanic centres.
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Quantifying Holocene lithospheric subsidence rates underneath the Mississippi Delta
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a new record from the Louisiana Chenier Plain, > 100 km west of the Mississippi Delta margin, based on AMS 14 C dated marsh basal peat.
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Anthropogenic alluvium: an evidence-based meta-analysis for the UK Holocene
TL;DR: An exploratory meta-analysis of 14C-dated Holocene anthropogenic alluvium (AA) in the UK is presented in this article, where AA units were categorized by grain size, catchment area and location, depositional environment, and according to diagnostic criteria linked to recorded types of anthropogenic activity.
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Faunal record identifies Bering isthmus conditions as constraint to end-Pleistocene migration to the New World.
Meirav Meiri,Adrian M. Lister,Matthew J. Collins,Noreen Tuross,Ted Goebel,Simon Blockley,Grant D. Zazula,Nienke L. van Doorn,R. Dale Guthrie,Gennady G. Boeskorov,Gennady F. Baryshnikov,Andrei Sher,Ian Barnes,Ian Barnes +13 more
TL;DR: A combination of ancient DNA, 14C dating, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, and collagen sequencing is used to explore the colonization history of one of the few other large mammals to have successfully migrated into the Americas at this time: the North American elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis).
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